Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 17, 2021, 10:21 p.m. No.13452048   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2055 >>2068 >>2105 >>2121 >>2164 >>2209 >>2261 >>2307 >>2318 >>2331 >>2340 >>2354 >>2365 >>2372 >>2391 >>2414 >>2435 >>2454 >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

>>13451266 lb

>Chuck Geschke, founder of Adobe and developer of PDFs, dies at age 81

 

<>WL search for Charles Geschke returned w/one hit.

<>Here's the SF list that Charles Geschke is on.

 

https://wikileaks.org/podesta-emails/emailid/42097

Charles Geschke

 

John,

I have attached the lists for SF, NY, & Boston. Please let me know if you have any questions.

Beth

~

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Geschke

Charles Geschke

Charles Matthew Geschke[2] was born in Cleveland, Ohio, on September 11, 1939. He attended Saint Ignatius High School (Jesuit)

 

Geschke earned an AB in classics in 1962 and an MS in mathematics in 1963, both from Xavier University (Jesuit). He taught mathematics at John Carroll University (Jesuit) from 1963 to 1968.

Geschke served on the boards of the San Francisco Symphony, the National Leadership Roundtable on Church Management (Catholic), the Commonwealth Club of California, Tableau Software, the Egan Maritime Foundation, and the Nantucket Boys and Girls Club.

Geschke was a Catholic, and met his wife Nancy "Nan" McDonough at a religious conference on social action in the spring of 1961. They married in 1964. Both were graduates of Catholic institutions. In 2012 they received the St. Elizabeth Ann Seton Award from the National Catholic Educational Association (NCEA) for their contributions to Catholic education.

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 17, 2021, 10:59 p.m. No.13452175   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2182 >>2209 >>2249 >>2261 >>2307 >>2318 >>2331 >>2340 >>2354 >>2365 >>2372 >>2391 >>2414 >>2435 >>2454 >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2614 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xzHho96l2kM

Tucker reacts to video of UFO confirmed by Pentagon

1,031,409 views•Apr 17, 2021

Filmmaker Jeremy Corbell says UFOs were 'swarming our warships' on 'Tucker Carlson Tonight.'

>Top comment…

We aren't worried about "ALIENS", we're worried about our "government".

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 17, 2021, 11:22 p.m. No.13452244   🗄️.is 🔗kun

>13452209

>Thanks for bringing be things to read Anon.

Digs from long ago.

>for y'alls reading pleasure

>anon will drop occasionally

>ALL replies will be…

<>Scalped!

kek…

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 17, 2021, 11:48 p.m. No.13452341   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2354 >>2365 >>2372 >>2391 >>2414 >>2435 >>2454 >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

>>13452334

Martin Joseph Hillenbrand (August 1, 1915 – February 2, 2005) was an American diplomat who served as the U.S. Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany from 1972 to 1976.

 

Career

Born in Youngstown, Ohio to a family of German descent, Hillenbrand attained a Ph.D. in 1948 from Columbia University. He became a U.S. foreign service officer almost a decade earlier, entering the U.S. Foreign Service in 1939, and served in multiple positions before being named Assistant Secretary of State for European and Canadian Affairs during the Nixon Administration.

 

During his 37-year career in the U.S. Foreign Service, he held assignments in Switzerland, Washington D.C., Burma, India, Portuguese East Africa (now: Mozambique), Germany, France, and Hungary. He served as U.S. Ambassador to Hungary from 1967–1969 and later as the U.S. Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany from June 27, 1972, to October 18, 1976.

 

During his career, Ambassador Hillenbrand developed expertise on European affairs, and he devoted a significant portion of his career to topics related to Germany where he played an instrumental role as a diplomat during the Berlin Crisis from 1958 to 1962.

 

Later years

After retiring from the U.S. Foreign Service, the former Ambassador Hillenbrand served as the Director-General of the Atlantic Institute for International Affairs in Paris, France, from 1977-1982. In 1982, Dr. Hillenbrand was named Dean Rusk Professor of International Relations at the University of Georgia and held this position until his retirement from this university in 1997.[1] In his retirement, the former Ambassador Hillenbrand published his memoirs: "Fragments of Our Time: Memoirs of a Diplomat" (University of Georgia Press: 1998).

 

In 2004 Ambassador Hillenbrand participated in an oral history project that focused on his role and understanding of significant world events during his career in the U.S. Foreign Service and also considered his outlook on the future. Audio and video recordings from this project are housed in the Richard B. Russell Library at the University of Georgia.

 

Martin J. Hillenbrand died on February 2, 2005, in Athens, Georgia (USA).

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 17, 2021, 11:56 p.m. No.13452363   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2404 >>2414 >>2435 >>2454 >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Blitzer

Blitzer was born in Augsburg, Germany in 1948, during post-World War II Allied occupation[2][3] the son of Cesia Blitzer (née Zylberfuden), a homemaker, and David Blitzer, a home builder.[3][4][5] His parents were Polish Jewish refugees from German-occupied Poland who survived the Auschwitz concentration camp; his grandparents, two uncles, and two aunts on his father's side all died there.[6][7] Blitzer and his family emigrated to the United States under the provisions of the 1948 Displaced Persons Act.[7] He was raised in Buffalo, New York, and graduated from Kenmore West Senior High School.[6][7] He received a Bachelor of Arts in history from the State University of New York at Buffalo in 1970. While there, he was a member of Alpha Epsilon Pi. In 1972, he received a Master of Arts in International Relations from the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. While at Johns Hopkins, he studied abroad at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, where he learned Hebrew.

Blitzer began his career in journalism in the early 1970s, in the Tel Aviv bureau of the Reuters news agency. In 1973, he caught the eye of Jerusalem Post editor Ari Rath, who hired Blitzer as a Washington correspondent for the English-language Israeli newspaper. Blitzer remained with the Jerusalem Post until 1990, covering both American politics and developments in the Middle East.[10]

 

Fluent in Hebrew, Blitzer also published articles in several Hebrew-language newspapers. Under the name Ze'ev Blitzer, he wrote for Al HaMishmar. Using the name Ze'ev Barak, he had work published in Yedioth Ahronoth.[11] Ze'ev (זאב) is the Hebrew word for "wolf", and Barak (ברק) is the Hebrew word for "lightning" (which in German/Yiddish is Blitz/blits).

 

In the mid-1970s, Blitzer also worked for the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) as the editor of their monthly publication, the Near East Report.[12][13] While at AIPAC, Blitzer's writing focused on Middle East affairs as they relate to United States foreign policy.[14]

 

At an April 1977 White House press conference, Blitzer asked Egyptian leader Anwar Sadat why Egyptian scholars, athletes and journalists were not permitted to visit Israel. Sadat responded that such visits would be possible after an end to the state of belligerence between the two nations. In November of that year, Sadat made a historic visit to Israel, and Blitzer covered the negotiations between the two countries from the first joint Israeli-Egyptian press conference in 1977, to the final negotiations that would lead to the signing of the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty two years later.[10]

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:02 a.m. No.13452380   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2391 >>2414 >>2435 >>2454 >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_B._Easum

 

Easum spent 27 years in the United States Foreign Service at posts in Nicaragua, Indonesia, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Niger, Upper Volta (Ambassador, 1971–74)[1] and Nigeria (Ambassador, 1975–79). During the Nixon/Ford Administration, Easum served as Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs.[1] Earlier State Department assignments included Executive Secretary of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Staff Director of the United States National Security Council's Interdepartmental Group for Latin America. Easum was also president of the Africa-America Institute from 1980 to 1988.[2][3]

 

In 2004, Easum was among 27 retired diplomats and military commanders called who publicly said the administration of President George W. Bush did not understand the world and was unable to handle "in either style or substance" the responsibilities of global leadership.[4] On June 16, 2004 the Diplomats and Military Commanders for Change issued a statement against the Iraq War.[5]

Easum was born in Culver, Union Township, Marshall County, Indiana, the son of Chester Verne Easum and Norma Moore Brown.[6] He grew up in Madison, Wisconsin because his father taught at the University of Wisconsin. During World War II, Easum served in the United States Army Air Forces in the Pacific. Easum was Senior Fellow at Yale University's Stimson Seminar from 1998 to 2004 and taught at Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs. He lectured widely in the United States, Europe and Africa on U.S.-African relations. Easum attended The Hotchkiss School, and held a B.A. degree (Phi Beta Kappa) from the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Easum also received his M.P.A. degree, in 1950, and his Ph.D. degree, in 1953, from Princeton University. He also studied at the University of London on a Fulbright scholarship and in Buenos Aires on a Doherty Foundation grant and a Penfield fellowship. He was a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy and Council on Foreign Relations. Easum lived in New York City.

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:09 a.m. No.13452412   🗄️.is 🔗kun

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Davis

 

Nathaniel Davis (April 12, 1925 – May 16, 2011)[1] was a career diplomat who served in the United States Foreign Service for 36 years. His final years were spent teaching at Harvey Mudd College, one of the Claremont Colleges.

Davis began his Foreign Service career with an assignment in Prague in 1947, followed by postings in Florence, Rome and Moscow, before returning to the U.S. in 1956 to work at the Soviet Desk at the State Department in Washington, D.C. His next foreign assignment was in Caracas, Venezuela, from 1960 to 1962. From 1962 to 1965, he served in the Peace Corps, first as Special Assistant to the Director, R. Sargent Shriver, and later Deputy Director for Program Development and Operations. He left the Peace Corps in 1965 to serve as the United States Envoy to Bulgaria (1965–1966). After his ambassadorship in Bulgaria, he served on the staff of the National Security Council in the White House, as President Lyndon B. Johnson's senior advisor on Soviet and Eastern European affairs, as well as the United Nations. In 1968, he went to Guatemala to serve as Ambassador to Guatemala (1968–1971), followed by service as Ambassador to Chile (1971–1973). He was ambassador in Chile during the presidency of Salvador Allende and through the coup that deposed him. Davis wrote a history of that period called The Last Two Years of Salvador Allende.[2] Upon his return from Chile, he held two positions at the assistant secretary level: as Director General of the Foreign Service (1973–1975) and as the Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs in the Ford administration from 1975 to 1976. Davis resigned from the latter post over a policy difference with then-Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, regarding covert action in Angola.

Operation IA Feature, a covert Central Intelligence Agency operation, authorized U.S. government support for Jonas Savimbi's National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) and Holden Roberto's National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) militants in Angola. President Gerald Ford approved the program on July 18, 1975, despite strong opposition from officials in the State Department, including Davis, and the CIA. Two days prior to the program's approval Davis told Henry Kissinger, the Secretary of State, that he believed maintaining the secrecy of IA Feature would be impossible. Davis correctly predicted the Soviet Union would respond by increasing its involvement in Angola, leading to more violence and negative publicity for the United States. When Ford approved the program Davis resigned.[3] John Stockwell, the CIA's station chief in Angola, echoed Davis' criticism saying the program needed to be expanded to be successful, but the program was already too large to be kept out of the public eye. Davis' deputy and former U.S. ambassador to Chile, Edward Mulcahy, also opposed direct involvement. Mulcahy presented three options for U.S. policy towards Angola on May 13, 1975. Mulcahy believed the Ford administration could use diplomacy to campaign against foreign aid to the Communist People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), refuse to take sides in factional fighting, or increase support for the FNLA and UNITA. He warned, however, that supporting UNITA would not sit well with Mobutu Sese Seko, the ruler of Zaire.[4][5][6]

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:16 a.m. No.13452440   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2454 >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

>>13452309

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_M._Fraker

 

Ford M. Fraker, of Massachusetts, was a U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia. He died on Monday September 4, 2017 in Nantucket, Massachusetts. He was president of the Middle East Policy Council and Chairman, Merrill Lynch Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Prior to his nomination, Fraker was serving as chairman of the Trinity Group Limited, a private investment banking firm in the United Kingdom,[1] and as consultant for Intercontinental Real Estate Corporation in Boston.

 

Fraker graduated cum laude from Harvard University in 1971 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. He has served as a banker in the Middle East for more than thirty years. He began his career with Chemical Bank, where he worked from 1972 to 1979. He worked in Lebanon, the UAE, and Bahrain, ending as a Vice President and Regional Manager for the bank’s Bahrain office. He joined the Saudi International Bank in 1979,[2] and worked for SIB until 1991, holding positions of increasing management responsibility in the bank’s General Banking, Credit and Client Development units. When he left SIB in 1991, Fraker was serving on the bank’s Management Committee.

 

He founded Fraker & Co. in 1991, and in 1993, he joined MeesPierson Investment Finance (UK) Limited, where he was the managing director responsible for placing U.S. and European investment products with European and Middle Eastern institutional and private investors. In 1997, he co-founded Trinity Group Limited, and continued to serve as managing director and chairman until his nomination by President Bush. In 2009, he was named a Senior Advisor at private equity firm Kohlberg Kravis Roberts (KKR)[3] and in 2013 he joined the Board of Directors of the Middle East Policy Council.[4]

As of 1990, Fraker has been married for 33 years and has three children. He was born in Princeton, New Jersey, and spoke French and Arabic.

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:21 a.m. No.13452455   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2475 >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_J._Sisco

 

Joseph John Sisco (October 31, 1919 – November 23, 2004) was a diplomat who played a major role in then-Secretary of State Henry Kissinger's shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East. His career in the State Department spanned five presidential administrations.[1]

Sisco had served for a year as an officer of the Central Intelligence Agency before joining the State Department in 1951, where he served as a foreign affairs officer until 1965, when he was promoted to Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs by Dean Rusk. In 1969, he was promoted to Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs. He left the government in 1976, and served as the President of American University until 1980.[2]

In June 1980, he joined CNN as a columnist, appearing occasionally on air as an expert on Middle Eastern and Asian affairs.

Sisco's wife, Jean Head Sisco, whom he married in 1946 while they were students at the University of Chicago, died in 1990.[3]

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:32 a.m. No.13452488   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2489 >>2510 >>2526 >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Yovanovitch

 

Marie Louise "Masha" Yovanovitch (born November 11, 1958) is an American diplomat and senior member of the United States Foreign Service.[1][2] She served in multiple State Department posts, including Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs (2004–2005); U.S. Ambassador to Kyrgyzstan (2005–2008); U.S. Ambassador to Armenia (2008–2011); Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs (2012–2013); and Ambassador to Ukraine (2016–2019). Yovanovitch is a diplomat in residence at the Institute for the Study of Diplomacy at Georgetown University.[3][4] On January 31, 2020 it was reported that she has retired from the State Department.[5]

 

While ambassador to Ukraine, Yovanovitch was the target of a conspiracy-driven smear campaign, amplified by President Donald Trump and his allies.[6] In May 2019, Trump abruptly recalled Yovanovitch from her post following claims by Trump surrogates that she was undermining Trump's efforts to pressure Ukraine to investigate his political rival, former vice president and 2020 U.S. presidential election candidate Joe Biden.[7][8] Yovanovitch's removal preceded a July 2019 phone call by Trump in which he attempted to pressure Ukraine president Volodymyr Zelensky to investigate Biden.[9] Following a whistleblower complaint about the phone call and attempts to cover it up, an impeachment inquiry against Trump was initiated by the House of Representatives. Yovanovitch testified in several House committee depositions in the inquiry.[10][11]

Yovanovitch was appointed U.S. Ambassador to Kyrgyzstan on November 20, 2004; she presented her credentials on February 4, 2005, and remained in this post until February 4, 2008.[1][19]

As U.S. ambassador to Ukraine, Yovanovitch was the target of a conspiracy-driven smear campaign.[6][33][34] Allegations against her were then made by Trump's personal attorney Rudolph W. Giuliani, as well as conservative commentator John Solomon of The Hill and Ukraine's then-top prosecutor, Yuriy Lutsenko, who accused her of being part of a conspiracy involving anti-corruption probes in Ukraine and efforts by the Trump administration to investigate ties between Ukrainian officials and the Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign.[3][35][36] Lutsenko, who has been accused by Ukrainian civil society organizations of corruption,[31] claimed that Yovanovitch, an Obama administration appointee, had interfered in Ukraine politics, had given him a "do-not-prosecute" list and was interfering in his ability to combat corruption in Ukraine.[30][35] The U.S. State Department said that Lutsenko's allegations against Yovanovitch were "an outright fabrication"[35] and indicated that they were a "classic disinformation campaign."[33] Lutsenko subsequently recanted his claims of a "do-not-prosecute" list.[37] Solomon's stories were nonetheless amplified by President Trump, his son Donald Trump Jr., Giuliani, Solomon, and conservative media outlets.[35][38] Ukrainians who opposed Yovanovitch were also sources for Giuliani, who "was on a months-long search for political dirt in Ukraine to help President Trump."[31] Giuliani confirmed in a November 2019 interview that he believed he "needed Yovanovitch out of the way" because she was going to make his investigations difficult.[39]

 

On April 24, 2019,[40] after complaints from Giuliani and other Trump allies that Yovanovitch was undermining and obstructing Trump's efforts to persuade Ukraine to investigate former vice president and 2020 presidential election candidate Joe Biden, Trump ordered Yovanovitch's recall.[41][42] She returned to Washington, D.C. on April 25,[40] with her recall becoming public knowledge on May 7,[43] and her mission as ambassador being terminated on May 20, 2019.[1][28] In a July 25, 2019 phone call with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky (the contents of which became public on September 25 2019), Trump pressured the Ukrainian government to investigate Biden and disparaged Yovanovitch to his foreign counterpart, calling her "bad news".[38][44]

 

Documents to the House Intelligence Committee provided by Lev Parnas, a former associate of Giuliani, outlined text exchanges in which Lutsenko pushed for the ouster of Yovanovitch and in return offered to provide damaging information on Joe Biden.[8][45][46] In Russian-language messages, Lutsenko told Parnas that Yovano…

>it goes on and on and on…WINNING!

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:47 a.m. No.13452541   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2547 >>2564 >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_C._Oberwetter

 

James C. Oberwetter (born November 3, 1944) was U.S. Ambassador to Saudi Arabia.[1]

 

Career

He previously served as Press Secretary for then-congressman George H.W. Bush (who later became Vice-President and President of the United States). He has also been the special assistant to the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency and a member of the American Petroleum Institute’s Communications Committee.

 

Prior to his diplomatic service, Oberwetter served as Senior Vice President of Hunt Oil Company, of Dallas, Texas where he directed the company's public affairs and government relations functions. In 2007, he founded Oberwetter & Company, LLC, which focused on international business and corporate strategies in the public arena. In December 2008, he was selected by the board of the Dallas Regional Chamber to become its president effective February 1, 2009.[1]

 

Personal life

He and his wife Anita reside in Dallas, Texas. Oberwetter has three daughters: Ellen Oberwetter, Rea Oberwetter MacKay, and Brooke Oberwetter.

 

He graduated from the University of Texas at Austin[2] with a BJ degree from the School of Communications.[3]

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:52 a.m. No.13452567   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2584 >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_J._Stephenson

 

Barbara Jean Stephenson (born 1958)[1] is an American diplomat and university official. Stephenson served as President of the American Foreign Service Association from 2015 to 2019.[2] She was formerly the Dean of the Leadership and Management School of the Foreign Service Institute in Arlington, Virginia. Formerly, she was Deputy Chief of Mission at the US Embassy in London, and acted as Chargé d'Affaires following the departure of Ambassador Louis Susman.[3] She is the former United States Ambassador to the Republic of Panama.

Stephenson is a career member of the Senior Foreign Service and holds the rank of Minister Counselor at the Foreign Service.[8] She joined in 1985 and began her career in Panama as an economic and then political officer.[9] Stephenson served as Deputy Coordinator for Iraq at the U.S. Department of State. For her work - particularly the development and implementation of the civilian surge in Iraq - she won the State Department's Distinguished Honor Award.[10]

 

In August 2009, Stephenson wrote in a diplomatic cable that Panamanian president Ricardo Martinelli had asked her for wiretaps on his political opponents in which she noted his "bullying style" and "autocratic tendencies".[11] A copy of the cable was released in December 2010 by WikiLeaks. Martinelli's administration stated after the leak that "help in tapping the telephones of politicians was never requested" and that Stephenson was "mistaken" in her interpretation. Ambassador Stephenson's assessment was vindicated when [12] the Panamanian government ruled to press corruption charges against Martinelli and to prosecute two former Secretaries of Panama's National Security Council on illegal wiretapping charges.[11][13]

 

Stephenson became the first woman to be appointed deputy ambassador and acting ambassador at the U.S. Embassy in London.[10]

 

After retiring from the Foreign Service, she presently serves as the Vice Provost for Global Affairs and Chief Global Officer at the University of North Carolina.[10]

Anonymous ID: 6745c7 April 18, 2021, 12:58 a.m. No.13452592   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2600 >>2617 >>2635 >>2659

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_A._Byroade

 

Brigadier General Henry Alfred Byroade, (July 24, 1913 – December 31, 1993) of Indiana was an American career diplomat. Over the course of his career, he served as the American ambassador to Egypt (1955–1956), South Africa (1956–1959), Afghanistan (1959–1962), Burma (1963–1968), Philippines (1969–1973), and Pakistan (1973–1977).

 

Byroade graduated from West Point in 1937 and began as a career Army officer. His first post in army was on the Hawaiian Islands as a member of the Corps of Engineers from 1937 to 1939. The Corps sent him back in 1939 to engineering college. He got his master's degree in civil engineering from Cornell University in 1940 before being stationed at Langley Field, Virginia, helping to form the first aviation engineer regiment. In 1946, at the age of 32, he rose to the rank of Brigadier General. In 1949 he was seconded to the U.S. Department of State, where he headed the Office of German Affairs. In 1952, he made the decision to resign from the Army, and was appointed Assistant Secretary of State for Middle East, South Asia and Africa—a post he held until 1955.

 

In 1954 he attracted criticism from both Israel and the Arab world for the administration's policy declaration in which he told the Israelis, "You should drop the attitude of a conqueror and the conviction that force is the only policy that your neighbors will understand," and told the Arabs, "You should accept this state of Israel as an accomplished fact."[1] That same year, he referred to Israel's Zionist ideology and its free admission of Jews through the Law of Return as "a legitimate matter of concern both to the Arabs and to the Western countries."[2]

 

Byroade had been Ambassador to Egypt for more than a year when it was announced that he was being transferred. He was considered a friend of Arab causes but unable, during his Egyptian assignment, to prevent an arms deal between Czechoslovakia and Egypt, or to dissuade the Egyptian government of Gamal Abdel Nasser from expanding its campaigns against the West. Criticism of his effectiveness in Cairo in the Eisenhower Administration led to his reassignment to South Africa. Emanuel Neumann, chairman of the executive of the Zionist Organization of America urged that he be removed from Cairo, claiming he had been an apologist for the Egyptian government.

 

He retired from the Foreign Service in 1977. He died in December 1993 in Bethesda, Maryland.