>>24020
To add to this, there was a trial in 2012, but they used way too few.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22150569/
https://archive.is/aVXNm
Randomised clinical trial: the effectiveness of Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 rectal enema in children with active distal ulcerative colitis
Methods: A total of 40 patients (median age: 7.2 years range 6-18) with mild to moderate UC were enrolled in a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled study. They received an enema solution containing 10(10) CFU of L. reuteri ATCC 55730 or placebo for 8 weeks, in addition to oral mesalazine. Clinical endoscopic and histological scores as well as rectal mucosal expression levels of IL-10, IL-1β, TNFα and IL-8 were evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the trial.
Results: Thirty-one patients accomplished the trial (17 males, median age 13 year, range 7-18). Mayo score (including clinical and endoscopic features) decreased significantly in the L. reuteri group (3.2 ± 1.3 vs. 8.6 ± 0.8, P < 0.01) compared with placebo (7.1 ± 1.1 vs. 8.7 ± 0.7, NS); furthermore, histological score significantly decrease only in the L. reuteri group (0.6 ± 0.5 vs. 4.5 ± 0.6, P < 0.01) (placebo: 2.9 ± 0.8 vs. 4.6 ± 0.6, NS). At the post-trial evaluation of cytokine mucosal expression levels, IL-10 significantly increased (P < 0.01) whereas IL-1β, TNFα and IL-8 significantly decreased (P < 0.01) only in the L. reuteri group.
Conclusions: In children with active distal ulcerative colitis, rectal infusion of L. reuteri is effective in improving mucosal inflammation and changing mucosal expression levels of some cytokines involved in the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease.