Archeologists Unearth 'Golden Calf' in Israel
NEW YORK TIMES JULY 25, 1990
Article excerpt—
The tiny image of bronze and other metals was recovered almost intact, with legs, ears, tail and one of its two horns still in place, even though the temple in which it was housed was reduced to rubble during a conquest of Ashkelon in about 1550 B.C., midway through the Bronze Age.
The earliest legends of Judaism show the religion's fathers inveighing against the worship of golden calves.
In the Bible, golden calves, similar in form but considerably larger than the Ashkelon find, are referred to in the story of Aaron during the Exodus, in ancient Jerusalem's rivalry with the northern, calf-worshiping Hebrew king, Jeroboam, and in other Old Testament accounts.
By Dr. Stager's interpretation, this and other accounts of condemnation of the worship of calf-deities were born of the early Israelites' efforts to purge the Canaanite influence of their forebears and establish themselves as a separate people.
Historians and archeologists believe it was not the animal itself that was the object of worship. Canaanites believed that their pagan Gods rode on these strong and sacred beasts. So the temples showed the calves as representations of the deities, and worshipers made sacrifical offerings to the animals.
https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/25/world/archeologists-unearth-golden-calf-in-israel.html
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