Some tunnel info from Wikipedia:
The table below lists many of the tunnels under the River Thames in and near London, which, thanks largely to its underlying bed of clay, is one of the most tunnelled cities in the world. The tunnels are used for road vehicles, pedestrians, Tube and railway lines and utilities. Several tunnels are over a century old: the original Thames Tunnel was the world's first underwater tunnel.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunnels_underneath_the_River_Thames
Subterranean London is the set of subterranean structures that lie beneath London. The city has been occupied by humans for two millennia. Over time, it acquired a vast number of these structures and spaces.
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The River Thames is the centre of London. Many tributaries flow into it. Over time these changed from water sources to untreated sewers and disease sources.[1]
As the city developed from a cluster of villages, many of the tributaries were buried or converted into canals.
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Several railway stations have cavernous vaults and tunnels running beneath them, often disused, or reopened with a new purpose. Examples include The Old Vic Tunnels, beneath London Waterloo station, and the vaults beneath London Bridge station, formerly utilised by the theatre company Shunt.
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Many underground military citadels were built under London. Few are acknowledged, and even fewer are open to the public. One exception is the famous Cabinet War Rooms, used by Winston Churchill during the Second World War.
During the war, parts of the Underground were converted into air-raid shelters known as deep-level shelters. Some were converted for military and civil defence use, such as the now-disused Kingsway telephone exchange.
Other civil defence centres in London are wholly or partly underground, mostly remnants from the Cold War. Many other subterranean facilities exist around the centre of government in Whitehall, often linked by tunnels.[6]
In December 1980, the New Statesman revealed the existence of secret tunnels linking government buildings, which he claimed would be used in the event of a national emergency. It is believed these tunnels also link to Buckingham Palace.[7] Author Duncan Campbell discussed these facilities in more detail, in the book War Plan UK: The Truth about Civil Defence in Britain (1982).[8] Peter Laurie wrote a book about these facilities, titled Beneath the City Streets: A Private Inquiry into the Nuclear Preoccupations of Government (1970).[9]
Utilities
London, like most other major cities, established an extensive underground infrastructure for electricity distribution, natural gas supply, water supply and telecommunications.
Starting in 1861, Victorian engineers built miles of purpose-built subways large enough to walk through, and through which they could run gas, electricity, water and hydraulic power pipes. These works removed the inconvenience of having to repeatedly excavate highways to allow access to underground utilities.[10]
Some underground structures are no longer in use. These include:
The London Hydraulic Power Company, set up in 1883, installed a hydraulic power network of high-pressure cast-iron water mains. These were bought by Mercury Communications for use as telecommunications ducts.
Sections of the London Pneumatic Despatch Company tunnels linking the General Post Office and Euston Railway station
An extensive private underground railway, the London Post Office Railway, was constructed by the Post Office became a tourist attraction.
Closed London Underground stations are generally not accessible to the public.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subterranean_London
A number of military citadels are known to have been constructed underground in central London, dating mostly from the Second World War and the Cold War. Unlike traditional above-ground citadels, these sites are primarily secure centres for defence co-ordination.
A large network of tunnels exists below London for a variety of communications, civil defence and military purposes,[1][2] however it is unclear how these tunnels, and the various facilities linked to them, fit together, if at all. Even the number and nature of these facilities is unclear; only a few have been officially admitted to.
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