HAMS
If comms go down… some of you wonder why you need ham. If you can't drive for help, you might need to call for an ambulance, a fire truck, or a cop. But, if you don't have a radio, you would have to drive to a local ham operator to relay the message for you.
You're supposed to be licensed to transmit.
Anyone can listen for free.
Use Walmart type walkie-talkies for nearby neighborhood comms. They are already pre-programmed with the frequencies - no brainer comms. They are line-of-sight. Depending on your terraine, that might mean a transmit distance of a few hundred feet, to 8 miles (if nothing at all is in the way).
Comms over ham (and walkie talkies) are NOT PRIVATE. Anybody listening hears everything you say. Keep that in mind.
Look for the people with the BIG antennae arrays in your area. They are probably ham operators, and might help you transmit an emergency message. MIGHT.
If a WROL situation exists, you might be met with a shotgun instead of a smile. Unless your face is recognized as a friendly.
https://wireless2.fcc.gov/UlsApp/UlsSearch/searchAmateur.jsp
Repeaters - many have back-up batteries, but how old the batteries are, and whether or not they have solar panels to charge is quite another thing.
You don't just buy a ham radio and turn it on and use it. Frequencies and other data all has to be programmed in….. don't expect to buy a ham for emergencies and then not learn how to use it until the day the SHTF.