Anonymous ID: 386005 Jan. 1, 2021, 10:44 p.m. No.12278511   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>8609 >>8707 >>8809 >>8927 >>9041

anon earlier was asking about the word "swagger"

here is one origin: Mafia

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia

Etymology

 

__ The word mafia (Italian: [ma fja] derives from the Sicilian adjective mafiusu, which, roughly translated, means "swagger", but can also be translated as "boldness" or "bravado".

__ In reference to a man, mafiusu (mafioso in Italian) in 19th century Sicily signified "fearless", "enterprising", and "proud", according to scholar Diego Gambetta.

__ In reference to a woman, however, the feminine-form adjective mafiusa means 'beautiful' or 'attractive'.

 

__ Because Sicily was once an Islamic emirate from 831 to 1072, mafia may have come to Sicilian through Arabic, though the word's origins are uncertain. Possible Arabic roots of the word include:

 

__ ma'afi = exempted. In Islamic law, Jizya, is the yearly tax imposed on non-Muslims residing in Muslim lands. And people who pay it are "exempted" from prosecution.

__ maha = quarry, cave; especially the mafie, the caves in the region of Marsala, which acted as hiding places for persecuted Muslims and later served other types of refugees, in particular Giuseppe Garibaldi's "Redshirts" after their embarkment on Sicily in 1860 in the struggle for Italian unification.

__ mahyas = aggressive boasting, bragging

__ marfud = rejected, considered to be the most plausible derivation; marfud developed into marpiuni (swindler) to marpiusu and finally mafiusu.

__ mu'afa = safety, protection

__ Ma afir = the name of an Arab tribe that ruled Palermo. The local peasants imitated these Arabs and as a result the tribe's name entered the popular lexicon.

 

The word mafia was then used to refer to the defenders of Palermo during the Sicilian Vespers against rule of the Capetian House of Anjou on 30 March 1282.

__ mafya, meaning "place of shade". The word "shade" meaning refuge or derived from refuge. After the Normans destroyed the Saracen rule in Sicily in the eleventh century, Sicily became feudalistic. Most Arab smallholders became serfs on new estates, with some escaping to "the Mafia." It became a secret refuge.