Another meaning for Red-Line

Segregation in the United States

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/segregation-united-states

Red-Lining

Starting in the 1930s, the Federal Home Loan Bank Board and the Home Owners' Loan Corporation conspired to create maps with marked areas considered bad risks for mortgages in a practice known as “red-lining.” The areas marked in red as “hazardous” typically outlined black neighborhoods. This kind of mapping concentrated poverty as (mostly black) residents in red-lined neighborhoods had no access or only very expensive access to loans.

The practice did not begin to end until the 1970s. Then, in 2008, a system of “reverse red-lining,” which extended credit on unfair terms with subprime loans, created a higher rate of foreclosure in black neighborhoods during the housing crisis.

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POTUS Red Line tweets

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Redlining’s Legacy Of Inequality: Low Homeownership Rates, Less Equity For Black Households

https://www.forbes.com/sites/brendarichardson/2020/06/11/redlinings-legacy-of-inequality-low-homeownership-rates-less-equity-for-black-households/?sh=2e89ee8c2a7c

A decades-old housing policy known as redlining has had a long-lasting effect on American society and the economic health of Black households in particular, according to a new report by Redfin real estate brokerage.

The racist 1930s-era policy that was outlawed in the 1960s effectively blocked Black families from obtaining home loans and remains a major factor in the country’s already substantial wealth gap between Black and white families.

The typical homeowner in a neighborhood that was redlined for mortgage lending by the federal government has gained 52% less—or $212,023 less—in personal wealth generated by property value increases than one in a greenlined neighborhood over the last 40 years.

Black homeowners are nearly five times more likely to own in a formerly redlined neighborhood than in a greenlined neighborhood, resulting in diminished home equity and overall economic inequality for Black families.

“It’s a tale of two cities in Chicago,” said Redfin agent Brittani Walker. “It goes back to redlining, when Black residents lived in certain neighborhoods and white people lived in others. And the difference in home value and segregation between those places has been exacerbated by policy, education, wage inequality and so many other issues.”

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Redlining's legacy: Maps are gone, but the problem hasn't disappeared

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/redlining-what-is-history-mike-bloomberg-comments/

A 2008 video of Democratic presidential candidate Michael Bloomberg attributing the housing crash largely to "redlining" has thrust the term into the national conversation. Although redlining — a form of lending discrimination — has been outlawed for decades, its scars remain visible in many communities across the U.S., experts say. Read on to learn more about redlining and its impact.

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What is redlining? A look at the history of racism in American real estate

https://www.bankrate.com/mortgages/what-is-redlining/

The days of race-based housing discrimination in the U.S. are legally behind us, but the legacy of policies that kept nonwhite citizens out of some neighborhoods remains pervasive.

America's discriminatory past can still be seen today with nonwhite mortgage borrowers generally getting charged higher interest rates, and persistent "voluntary" neighborhood segregation.

These trends can be traced in part to an official government policy of the past, commonly known as redlining, which codified racist attitudes in real estate and finance, and made it more difficult for nonwhites to purchase homes.

Redlining and American racism have a long and nuanced background, and this article is just a basic overview of the policy's history, and how it continues to affect real estate and nonwhite homeownership today. It also highlights one expert's proposal to address the legacy of redlining.

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Redlining

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redlining

Redlining is the systematic denial of various services or goods by federal government agencies, local governments, or the private sector either directly or through the selective raising of prices. This is often manifested by placing strict criteria on specific services and goods that often disadvantage poor and minority communities.[2][3] Prior to the Fair Housing Act of 1968, there were no specific laws that protected minority populations from discriminatory practices in housing and commercial markets. Businesses were therefore able to exploit these groups in order to increase their profits.[4] Redlining was utilized in the housing industry by mortgage companies to suppress minority populations from receiving home loans to buy homes in other neighborhoods as well as to deny them the funds to improve their current homes.

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