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Battle of North Anna

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Battle of North Anna

Part of the American Civil War

PontoonBridgeOverNorthAnnaRiver.jpg

Pontoon bridge constructed by Union engineers for crossing the North Anna River

Date May 23–26, 1864

Location

Caroline County and Hanover County, Virginia

37°53′10″N 77°29′39″WCoordinates: 37°53′10″N 77°29′39″W

Result Inconclusive

Belligerents

United States United States (Union) Confederate States of America CSA (Confederacy)

Commanders and leaders

Ulysses S. Grant

George G. Meade Robert E. Lee

Units involved

 

Army of the Potomac

IX Corps[1]

 

Army of Northern Virginia

Strength

67,000–100,000[2] 50,000–53,000[2]

Casualties and losses

3,986 total

(591 killed;

2,734 wounded;

661 captured/missing)[3][4] 1,552

(124 killed, 704 wounded, 724 missing/captured)[5]

 

vte

 

Overland Campaign

 

The Battle of North Anna was fought May 23–26, 1864, as part of Union Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign against Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. It consisted of a series of small actions near the North Anna River in central Virginia, rather than a general engagement between the armies. The individual actions are sometimes separately known as: Telegraph Road Bridge and Jericho Mills (for actions on May 23); Ox Ford, Quarles Mill, and Hanover Junction (May 24).

 

After disengaging from the stalemate at Spotsylvania Court House, Grant moved his army to the southeast, hoping to lure Lee into battle on open ground. He lost the race to Lee's next defensive position south of the North Anna River, but Lee was unsure of Grant's intention and initially prepared no significant defensive works. On May 23, the Union V Corps under Maj. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren forded the river at Jericho Mills and a Confederate division from the corps of Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill was unable to dislodge its beachhead. The II Corps under Maj. Gen. Winfield S. Hancock stormed a small Confederate force at "Henagan's Redoubt" to seize the Chesterfield Bridge crossing on the Telegraph Road, but did not advance further south across the river.

 

That night, Lee and his engineers devised a scheme for defensive earthworks in the shape of an inverted "V" that could split the Union army when it advanced and allow the Confederates to use interior lines to attack and defeat one wing, preventing the other wing from reinforcing it in time. The Union army initially fell into this trap. As Hancock's men failed to carry the Confederate works on the eastern leg of the V on May 24, a brigade under the drunken Brig. Gen. James H. Ledlie was repulsed from an ill-conceived assault against a strong position at Ox Ford, the apex of the V. Unfortunately for the Confederates, Lee was disabled with an intestinal illness and none of his subordinates were able to execute his planned attack.

 

After two days of skirmishing in which the armies stared at each other from their earthworks, the inconclusive battle ended when Grant ordered another wide movement to the southeast, in the direction of the crossroads at Cold Harbor.

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_North_Anna