English Bill of Rights 1689
An Act Declaring the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Settling the Succession of the Crown
https://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/england.asp
https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-1/section-8/clause-9/
GUARANTEE OF REPUBLICAN FORM OF GOVERNMENT
The first clause of this section, in somewhat different language, was contained in the Virginia Plan introduced in the Convention and was obviously attributable to Madison.Through the various permutations into its final form, the object of the clause seems clearly to have been more than an authorization for the Federal Government to protect states against foreign invasion or internal insurrection, a power seemingly already conferred in any case. No one can now resurrect the full meaning of the clause and intent which moved the Framers to adopt it, but with the exception of the reliance for a brief period during Reconstruction the authority contained within the confines of the clause has been largely unexplored.
https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/article-4/section-4/guarantee-of-republican-form-of-government
http://http.fixitfastnow.com/Public/E_CLAUSE/Report-of-the-Commission-on-Unalienable-Rights.pdf
DEPRIVATION OF RIGHTS UNDER COLOR OF LAW
TITLE 18, U.S.C., SECTION 242
Whoever, under color of any law, statute, ordinance, regulation, or custom, willfully subjects any person in any State, Territory, Commonwealth, Possession, or District to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured or protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States, … shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if bodily injury results from the acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include the use, attempted use, or threatened use of a dangerous weapon, explosives, or fire, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; and if death results from the acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, shall be fined under this title, or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both, or may be sentenced to death.
https://www.justice.gov/crt/deprivation-rights-under-color-law
County Sheriff’s HANDBOOK
http.fixitfastnow.com/Public/E_CLAUSE/Sheriffs%20Handbook%20Final.pdf