Magnetic-Nanosensor-Based Virus and Pathogen Detection Strategies before and during COVID-19
This review paper focuses on magnetic nanosensors for pathogen and virus detection, and different detection tools are reported and categorized in Table 1. It should be noted that, in the context of LOD, it is much easier to detect viruses/bacteria than small molecules (i.e., antigens, antibodies). Small molecules such as antigens host fewer binding sites for magnetic labels (i.e., MNPs), while a single virus/bacterium might host hundreds or thousands of binding sites depending on what is targeted. Thus, the sensitivity will be amplified dramatically when small-molecule detection methods are used on viruses/bacteria.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7526334/