https://www.jpost.com/arts-and-culture/books/jihad-in-the-days-of-jefferson

https://www.city-journal.org/html/jefferson-versus-muslim-pirates-13013.html

https://www.theglobalist.com/the-jihad-of-americas-founding-fathers/

https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2015/feb/11/chain-email/barbary-wars-did-us-declare-war-islam/

…on the shores of Tripoli…