so if light always travels in a straight line,

what is refracting the light creating this effect?

does earth's atmosphere do this?

pic related

if the sun is as huge as they say and light travels in straight lines, how do we get our shadows on earth? ie draw a line from top of sun to top and bottom of earth, do the same for line from bottom of the sun…the shadow zone should be much smaller. but in 'reality' we see half of earth turning dark. which technically could only happen if the light source was smaller or equal to earth