$15,000,000 remained to be bequeathed in 1919 to Mrs. Carnegie and the Miller family. Son-in-law Millers donation to Johns Hopkins financed the bed & board of 13 chimpanzees. These apes contract whooping cough as easily as do children, are more easily managed. The whooping-cough problem is: Does a germ (the so-called Bordet-Gengoubacillus) alone cause the disease, or must that germ have some virus present in the throat and lungs before it causes whooping cough? Upon the answer depends the kind of vaccine or serum to prevent and cure the disease.

During the spring and summer whoop-ing-cough season of 1935 Miller-main-tained chimpanzees "Herbert H," "Becky," "Darby," "Joan" & friends were infected with sputum from the throats of whooping Baltimore children. Evidence indicated that the whooping-cough germ requires a virus to lead the way into the air passages before the disease breaks out. That virus seemed to be the same virus implicated in the common cold. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,770211,00.html]

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Atlanta’s zoo says at least 13 western lowland gorillas have tested positive for COVID-19, including 60-year-old Ozzie, the oldest male gorilla in captivity. Employees said the gorillas had been coughing, had runny noses and showed changes in appetite.

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