Woke up thinking about the experiment in the 70's where college students were assigned to be prison guards or prisoners. Looked it up and came across this article: 7 Famous Pyschology Experiments which includes The Stanford Prison Experiment . Stanford Prison Experiment had to be stopped after six days b/c the "guards" became too sadistic and the "prisoners" became too depressed. Also listed in the 7 experiments was the 1920 "Little Albert" experiment at Johns Hopkins which traumatized a 9 month old child using a white rabbit….hmmm
7 experiments article: https://archive.ph/JYsVP)
Stanford Prison dot org: https://www.prisonexp.org/
Stanford Prison story: https://www.prisonexp.org/the-story
Listed in the 7 experiments article was The Asch Conformity study; different sauce outlines variations on the original Asch study that have been carried out:
Solomon Asch - Conformity Experiment By Dr. Saul McLeod, updated Dec 28, 2018
Asch used a lab experiment to study conformity, whereby 50 male students from Swarthmore College in the USA participated in a ‘vision test.’
Using a line judgment task, Asch put a naive participant in a room with seven confederates/stooges. The confederates had agreed in advance what their responses would be when presented with the line task.
The real participant did not know this and was led to believe that the other seven confederates/stooges were also real participants like themselves. ….
Each person in the room had to state aloud which comparison line (A, B or C) was most like the target line. The answer was always obvious. The real participant sat at the end of the row and gave his or her answer last.
There were 18 trials in total, and the confederates gave the wrong answer on 12 trails (called the critical trials). Asch was interested to see if the real participant would conform to the majority view.
Asch measured the number of times each participant conformed to the majority view. On average, about one third (32%) of the participants who were placed in this situation went along and conformed with the clearly incorrect majority on the critical trials.
Over the 12 critical trials, about 75% of participants conformed at least once, and 25% of participants never conformed.
This part was very intrasting: "Optimum conformity effects (32%) were found with a majority of 3. Increasing the size of the majority beyond three did not increase the levels of conformity found. Brown and Byrne (1997) suggest that people might suspect collusion if the majority rises beyond three or four.
According to Hogg & Vaughan (1995), the most robust finding is that conformity reaches its full extent with 3-5 person majority, with additional members having little effect.
sauce: https://archive.ph/VBZ8K