Anonymous ID: e32045 Dec. 4, 2021, 1:27 p.m. No.15135874   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>5917 >>5938 >>5953 >>5988 >>6006 >>6049

>>15135783

>>15135814

 

The Sykes–Picot Agreement (/ˈsaɪks ˈpiːkoʊ, - pɪˈkoʊ, - piːˈkoʊ/)[1] was a 1916 secret treaty between the United Kingdom and France,[2] with assent from the Russian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy, to define their mutually agreed spheres of influence and control in an eventual partition of the Ottoman Empire.

 

The agreement was based on the premise that the Triple Entente would achieve success in defeating the Ottoman Empire during World War I and formed part of a series of secret agreements contemplating its partition. The primary negotiations leading to the agreement occurred between 23 November 1915 and 3 January 1916, on which date the British and French diplomats, Mark Sykes and François Georges-Picot, initialled an agreed memorandum.[3] The agreement was ratified by their respective governments on 9 and 16 May 1916.[4]

 

The agreement effectively divided the Ottoman provinces outside the Arabian Peninsula into areas of British and French control and influence. The British- and French-controlled countries were divided by the Sykes–Picot line.[5] The agreement allocated to the UK control of what is today southern Israel and Palestine, Jordan and southern Iraq, and an additional small area that included the ports of Haifa and Acre to allow access to the Mediterranean.[6][7][8] France was to control southeastern Turkey, northern Iraq, Syria and Lebanon.[8]

 

As a result of the included Sazonov–Paléologue Agreement, Russia was to get Western Armenia in addition to Constantinople and the Turkish Straits already promised under the 1915 Constantinople Agreement.[8] Italy assented to the agreement in 1917 via the Agreement of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne and received southern Anatolia.[8] The Palestine region, with a smaller area than the later Mandatory Palestine, was to fall under an "international administration".

 

The agreement was initially used directly as the basis for the 1918 Anglo–French Modus Vivendi, which provided a framework for the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration in the Levant. More broadly it was to lead, indirectly, to the subsequent partitioning of the Ottoman Empire following Ottoman defeat in 1918. Shortly after the war, the French ceded Palestine and Mosul to the British. Mandates in the Levant and Mesopotamia were assigned at the April 1920 San Remo conference following the Sykes–Picot framework; the British Mandate for Palestine ran until 1948, the British Mandate for Mesopotamia was to be replaced by a similar treaty with Mandatory Iraq, and the French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon lasted until 1946. The Anatolian parts of the agreement were assigned by the August 1920 Treaty of Sèvres; however, these ambitions were thwarted by the 1919–23 Turkish War of Independence and the subsequent Treaty of Lausanne.

 

The agreement is seen by many as a turning point in Western and Arab relations. It negated the UK's promises to Arabs[9] regarding a national Arab homeland in the area of Greater Syria in exchange for supporting the British against the Ottoman Empire. The agreement, along with others, was made public by the Bolsheviks[10] in Moscow on 23 November 1917 and repeated in the British Guardian on 26 November 1917, such that "the British were embarrassed, the Arabs dismayed and the Turks delighted".[11][12][13] The agreement's legacy has led to much resentment in the region, among Arabs in particular but also among Kurds who were denied an independent state.[14][15]

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sykes%E2%80%93Picot_Agreement

 

 

 

Trump won’t stop saying the 1918 flu pandemic happened in 1917

 

It’s not as trivial as it sounds.

By Aaron Rupar@atrupar May 1, 2020, 11:40am EDT

 

https://www.vox.com/2020/5/1/21243980/trump-1918-flu-pandemic-1917

Anonymous ID: e32045 Dec. 4, 2021, 2:08 p.m. No.15136043   🗄️.is 🔗kun

>>15136004

 

 

In English and Welsh law, Irish law and Northern Irish law the black cap was worn by a judge when passing a sentence of death. Although it is called a "cap", it is not made to fit the head as a typical cap does; instead it is a simple plain square made of black fabric. It was based on Tudor court headgear.[1] When worn, it is placed on the head on top of the judicial wig, with one of the four corners of the black fabric facing forward.

 

The death penalty has now been abolished in the United Kingdom, but the black cap is still part of a judge's official regalia, and as such it is still carried into the High Court of Justice by each sitting judge when full ceremonial dress is called for.[1] It is worn every year on 9 November, when the new Lord Mayor of the City of London is presented to the Law Courts. It is also part of the regalia of a judge of the High Court of Northern Ireland.[2]

 

The black cap was also used in Ireland, whose legal system was modelled on the English courts.[3] It remained in use in the Irish Free State and Republic of Ireland;[4] there was only one such cap, kept by the county registrar in Dublin's Four Courts. George Gavan Duffy was the first judge to break the tradition, not wearing the black cap when pronouncing a death sentence in 1937. Thereafter, it was a matter of personal preference, with some judges wearing it and some not, as there was no formal rule or law requiring them to do so.[5] The last execution took place in 1954, although death sentences were sometimes passed, and then commuted to life imprisonment, until the death penalty was fully abolished by the Criminal Justice Act 1990.

 

It has been claimed, with little conclusive proof, that the word "kibosh" has its origin in the Irish caip bháis ("cap of death"), referring to the black cap. Such claims go back as far as 1936, placing it in the era of the infamous John Toler, 1st Earl of Norbury (Chief Justice 1800–1827).[6][7][8]

 

The black cap was worn by judges in Northern Ireland passing death sentences until the death penalty was abolished by the Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1973.[9][10]

 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_cap

 

 

 

Barack Hussein Obama II born August 4, 1961 is the 44th and current President of the United States. He is the first African American to hold the office. Obama previously served as a United States Senator from Illinois, from January 2005 until he resigned after his election to the presidency in November 2008.

 

Barack Obama’s third great grandfather was born in Ireland and immigrated to the United States in 1850. Originating in Moneygall and neighboring Shinrone in County Offaly, Ireland, baptism and probate records linking the family line back to Moneygall have been unearthed in the Templeharry Rectory records.More than a century and a half ago, 19-year-old Falmouth Kearney, (Obama’s third great-grandfather), sailed from Ireland, landing in New York harbor on March 20, 1850.

 

https://www.irishamericanmuseumdc.org/online-library/article/barack-obama-roots

 

 

 

U.S. elections

Robust safeguards help ensure the integrity of election results.

Joe Biden snubs the BBC: "I'm Irish!"

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Nov 7, 2020

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Biden is your typical wannabe Irishman. He probably supported the IRA, too.

 

Oh well, you shouldn't be quick to congratulate him, Tories. Boris should've backed Trump.

 

Personal insults and grievances towards the uploader will result in your ban without question. You can express yourself, have discussions, etc, but leave me out of it, please. Cheers.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsoHAwuQ73g

Anonymous ID: e32045 Dec. 4, 2021, 2:53 p.m. No.15136339   🗄️.is 🔗kun

>>15136150

masked clowns_in_action frontin'

 

FB_

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frontin

Urban slang. To put up a facade or make appearances, typically to impress or in some way deceive to maintain image. From 'to front'.

He be frontin' - that Benz be a rental!

by T.D. January 20, 2003