>>15494019
1411
University of St. Andrews founded.
1446 William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney, builds the celebrated Rosslyn Chapel. /PAS
1451
University of Glasgow founded.
1455 William Sinclair, 3rd Earl of Orkney was granted the Earldom of Caithness. /PAS
1460
King James II was killed by an exploding canon during the siege of Roxburgh.
1470 Earl of Orkney and Caithness was compelled to resign Orkney to James III in exchange for the Castle of Ravenscraig in Fife. The King was jealous of the semi-royal chief of the Earldom of Orkney, which had been inherited by the Sinclairs from the Norse Sea-Kings. /PAS
1488
King James III was murdered after being accused of surrounding himself with evil advisors who encouraged him to bring Englishmen into Scottish affairs.
1494
University of Aberdeen founded.
1502
King Henry VII of England gave his daughter in marriage to James III of Scotland. This gave rise to the Union of the Crowns in 1603.
1512
Under the terms of a treaty with France (the "Auld Alliance") all Scottish citizens became French and vice versa.
1559
John Knox's sermon at Perth - regarded as the start of the Reformation in Scotland.
1582
University of Edinburgh founded.
1600
Scotland adopts Gregorian Calendar.
1603
James VI of Scotland become James I of England bringing about the Union of the Crowns.
1617
James (on his only return to Scotland) tactlessly lectures his countrymen on the "superiority of English civilisation".
1618
James imposes Bishops on the presbyterian Church of Scotland in an attempt to integrate it with the Church of England. This move was deeply unpopular with the Scots.
1625
Charles I becomes King on the death of his father. Although born in Scotland, Charles had no interest in the country and dealt with Scottish affairs with even less tact than his father causing discontent.
1637
Charles attempted to further anglicise the Church of Scotland by introducing a new prayerbook, which caused riots at St. Giles in Edinburgh. Jenny Geddes throws a stool in St. Giles in protest.
1638
Charles regarded protests against the prayerbook as treason, forcing Scots to choose between their church and the King. A "Covenant", swearing to resist these changes to the death, was signed in Greyfriars Church in Edinburgh. The covenant was accepted by hundreds if thousands of Scots.
1639
Charles calls a General Assembly, effectively abolishing the unpopular Scottish Bishops. Agreement is reached through the "Treaty of Berwick".
1640
Charles peace collapses; the Scots show force by marching on Newcastle.
1641
Having no realistic chance of opposing the Scots, Charles negotiates a truce at Ripon.
1642
Civil war breaks out in England. The Scottish Covenanters side with the English rebels who take power. The Earl of Montrose had sided with King Charles so civil strife also spilled into Scotland.
1651 While fighting in the army of King Charles II of Scotland against the forces of Oliver Cromwell, John Sinclair is taken prisoner. He is sent to America along with some 200 other prisoners of war as an indentured servant. /PAS
1658 After working off his indenture as a lumberjack in the northeastern parts of what would become the United States of America, John Sinclair (known in the New World as John Sinkler) settles in Exeter, New Hampshire, where he becomes a landowner. /PAS
1682
The National Library of Scotland was founded. Now one of the UK's copyright deposit libraries.
1692
The massacre of Glencoe. Clan Campbell siding with the King murders members of Clan McDonald.
1695
Bank of Scotland founded (still operating to this day).
1707
Act of Union is passed; Scotland formally united with England to form Great Britain.
1715
First Jacobite rebellion; Jacobites defeated at the Battle of Sheriffmuir.