lb >>16365855
Ivermectin / Niclosamide: Voincidentally both, they are remedies for intestinal worms
Niclosamide (NCL) is an anthelminthic drug, inhibits glucose uptake by the worms, used to treat tapeworm infestations, including taeniasis, hymenolepiasis, and diphyllobothriasis. However, it was not effective against other types of worms [7]. NLS was discovered in 1953 in Bayer Research Laboratories as a molluscicidal agent against schistosomiasis snail and was marketed as Bayluscide in 1959 [8]. Later on, it was to be effective for tapeworms in 1962 and marketed as Yomesan for human use; in 1982, it was approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of tapeworms and regarded as one of essential medicine by World Health Organization (WHO) [9]. NCL is widely used to treat various metabolic disorders, cancers, viral infections, and immunological disturbance due to its pleiotropic effects antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties with modulation of uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation and various signaling pathways in human biological processes [10]. Several experimental studies confirmed that NCL is a safe and well-tolerated drug with a toxicity profile of more than 5 g/kg in rats [11]. NCL is well tolerated drug in humans, can be used orally at 2 g/day for worm treatment leading to serum concentrations of 0.25–6.0 µg/mL that corresponding to 0.76–18.35 µM respectively. This concentration is not toxic and within range of active antiviral concentration in humans [8]. Since, NCL has potential antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties, therefore, the aim of the present study was to review and clarify the potential role of NCL in Covid-19.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8522539/