Russian Annuity Bond signed by N.M. Rothschild. FIVE per Cent. ANNUITY. No 94537. ANNO 1822. No. 39852. Certificate of a perpetual Annuity in the Great Book of the Public Debt of the Imperial Commission of the Sinking Fund, representing a Capital of Nine Hundred and Sixty Silver Roubles, equal to L. stg. 148. Entered the 1st. March 1822.

Nathan Mayer Rothschild (16 September 1777 – 28 July 1836)

https://www.immediateannuities.com/annuitymuseum/annuitybondssignedbynmrothschild/rothschilddocuments/40900.html

Rothschild interest in oil dates back to the 1880s when the French bank acquired a refinery at Fiume on the Adriatic and then developed interests in the newly opened oil fields on the Black Sea. Their interests grew until by 1900 they were major operators in the production and marketing of Russian oil, then the largest sector in the world, [before exiting the business in 1912. . . ]

The first Russian oil refineries had been built in 1823 in the north of the Caucasus and around 1830 in Baku. In this region, there were 136 oilwells in 1850 and more than 400 by 1872.

In 1874, Robert Nobel, a Swede, bought a refinery and land in Baku, and it was Nobel who began the first large-scale operations, introducing into Russia tanker-wagons and the first oil tankers (on the Caspian Sea) in 1878. By 1880, Nobel dominated the Russian market and in the following years sought opportunities to extend sales beyond Russia. In 1883, he founded (with the assistance of Deutsche Bank), the Deutsche-russische Naphta-import-Gesellschaft.

By 1900, Russian oil production in effect passed into passed into control of Nobel and Rothschild.

https://guide-to-the-archive.rothschildarchive.org/the-paris-banking-house/depts/french-oil-business

Was Stalin's Father a Rothschild Banker?

https://was-stalin-a-rothschild.blogspot.com/2011/08/rothschilds-and-nobels_22.html

>>16417073

Alongside the Nobel brothers, the Rothschild brothers’ Caspian-Black Sea Company became one of the leading oil companies in the Russian oil business in the late 1880s.

With six million gold roubles and 25 million francs of initial capital in Russian safes, the Rothschilds began business with their characteristic energy. But the Caspian-Black Sea Company also owed its success to the ties the Rothschilds established in the upper echelons of the Russian government (as the Nobels had prior to them).

The Rothschild Pages of Azerbaijan’s Oil History - History - Visions of Azerbaijan Magazine

Through Alphonse Rothschild, the tsarist government issued a series of loans in France. In particular, the construction of the Transcaucasian Railway linking Baku with Batum was completed in 1883 thanks to a loan granted by Alphonse Rothschild.

http://www.visions.az/en/news/1021/cd5fd391/

Alphonse Rothschild’s company pioneered the unification of the Russian export trade by starting, in 1887, along with the export of its own products, the commission sale of kerosene belonging to 40-50 other Russian oil producers. . . .what had formed was, a sort of syndicate concentrating more than half of kerosene exports from Russia in its hands.

In 1903, a cartel agreement was concluded between the Nobel brothers and the Mazut association according to which Emmanuel Nobel (son of Ludwig Nobel) and Alphonse Rothschild joined forces in exporting Russian kerosene to foreign markets. Already by the end of 1901, the Nobmazut cartel transported 43 per cent of fuel oil, 57 per cent of kerosene and 67 per cent of the technical oils extracted from Baku oil.

http://www.visions.az/en/news/1021/cd5fd391/

>>16417146

At the beginning of 1907, the Nobel-Rothschild cartel possessed warehouses in many regions of the Russian Empire. Naturally, the most extensive storage system for petroleum products was created in Baku: by 1900, there were about 2,000 different storage facilities with a total capacity of 276.5 million poods there.

Most of the fuel oil reserves also belonged to the Nobel brothers and the Rothschilds. . ,Having monopolized oil production, Nobmazut started monopolizing kerosene production as well. By the end of 1907, the cartel accounted for 75 per cent of kerosene sales in the domestic markets of the Russian Empire. Under the skilled management of Emanuel Nobel and Edmond Rothschild, in 1909 the Nobmazut cartel accounted for 90 per cent of the gross sales of all oils produced in Baku, with all the other companies making up the remaining 10 per cent. The Nobmazut cartel also possessed a powerful oil fleet. For example, in 1913 it owned 72 of 160 oil barges on the Volga.

In 1907, the Rothschilds subsidized and then established control over many oil companies through the Russian-Asian Bank: the Absheron Oil Company, having seized 40 per cent of its shares; Shikhovo; Melikov; the Russian Oil Society etc.

In 1910-1911, Edmund Rothschild acquired the majority of the shares in the Russian companies Neft (Oil) and G. M. Lianozov & Sons for approximately two million roubles. The shares of these companies were highly quoted on the Paris stock exchange. As a result, before the 1917 October Revolution, the Rothschilds owned over 35 per cent of the total share capital of 15 large enterprises of the Russian oil industry.

The nationalization of the Caspian-Black Sea Company and the Mazut association by a decree of the Baku Commune dated 2 June 1918 had no direct bearing on the Rothschilds because they had sold their Russian oil companies to the Anglo-Dutch Trust Royal Dutch Shell (the main rival of the American syndicate Standard Oil) in 1912, receiving in return 27.5 million roubles, as well as 20 per cent of the shares of the Shell trust in Paris. Already by 1913 British entrepreneurs had begun to take the lead in Russia’s oil business.

http://www.visions.az/en/news/1021/cd5fd391/