Anonymous ID: 797998 June 23, 2022, 5:57 a.m. No.16493725   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>3729 >>3855 >>3905 >>4014 >>4077 >>4152 >>4261 >>4376 >>4449 >>4458

https://www.accuweather.com/en/space-news/5-planets-to-align-with-moon-in-june-night-sky/1201835

Epic alignment of 5 planets, moon to peak after summer solstice

This rare planetary parade has not been seen since 2004 and won't happen again like this until 2040 and the best time to catch it will be just days after the summer solstice.โ€“

A rare planetary alignment that won't occur again for nearly two decades has taken shape in the night sky, and while it will remain visible through the end of June, viewing the spectacle may be tricky and could require losing some sleep.

Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn have lined up in the early morning sky, a planetary procession that can be seen above the eastern horizon every morning through the end of June. This long-lasting event will give early risers plenty of opportunities to enjoy the sights of the planetary quintet.

The last time that all five of these planets were visible in the night sky at the same time was in 2004, the same year that Facebook was created and three years before the first iPhone was released, according to Sky & Telescope magazine.

A telescope is not required to see this month's unique grouping of planets, but it could still be difficult to spot all five, even if the weather is perfect.

The parade of planets will be best seen about 45-60 minutes before sunrise on cloud-free mornings through the end of the month. Since June features some of the earliest sunrises of the entire year, this translates to heading outside before 5 a.m., local time, to look skyward.

Mercury is the most elusive of the planets that can be seen with the naked eye due to its close proximity to the sun. The tiny planet will remain very low on the horizon, so seeing it requires an unimpeded view of the eastern horizon as trees, buildings and mountains all could potentially get in the way.

Venus will be a guide to spotting Mercury, glowing brighter and appearing just above and to the right of the closest planet to the sun. Mars, Jupiter and Saturn will be much easier to find as they will be higher in the sky.

Although the five planets will appear in a straight line across the sky, this is just what they look like from the perspective of the Earth. In reality, the planets are spread far apart across the solar system.

The five planets will be visible throughout the entire second half of June, but the best morning to look up will be three days after the summer solstice, which occurs at 5:13 a.m. EDT on Tuesday, June 21.

The crescent moon will fall in line perfectly with the planets before daybreak on Friday, June 24, glowing directly between Mars and Venus. With the moon in the alignment, photographers may find June 24 to be the best morning to capture images of the celestial objects.

Anonymous ID: 797998 June 23, 2022, 5:59 a.m. No.16493729   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>3735 >>4014 >>4077 >>4152 >>4261 >>4376 >>4458 >>4475

>>16493725

>The crescent moon will fall in line perfectly with the planets before daybreak on Friday, June 24, glowing directly between Mars and Venus.

Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn will not appear in this order again from the perspective of the Earth until August of 2040, although it will not be nearly as good of a show. The five planets will be bunched closer together in 2040, but it will be even more difficult to spot Mercury compared to this year's alignment since it will be closer to the sun.

 

https://twitter.com/earthskyscience/status/1535441096293113859

Alexander Krivenyshev in Manhattan, New York, captured this panorama on June 10, 2022 and wrote: "5 planets - Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn align at dawn over NYC but good luck getting them into a single shot (image)." Thank you, Alexander!

Anonymous ID: 797998 June 23, 2022, 6:20 a.m. No.16493796   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>3804

>>16493782

>slave traders

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimean%E2%80%93Nogai_slave_raids_in_Eastern_Europe

For over three centuries, the military of the Crimean Khanate and the Nogai Horde conducted slave raids primarily in lands controlled by Russia and Poland-Lithuania as well as other territories, often under the sponsorship of the Ottoman Empire.

Their main purpose was the capture of slaves, most of whom were exported to the Ottoman slave markets in Constantinople or elsewhere in the Middle East. Genoese and Venetian merchants controlled the slave trade from Crimea to Western Europe. The raids were a drain of the human and economic resources of eastern Europe. They largely inhabited the "Wild Fields" โ€“ the steppe and forest-steppe land which extends from a hundred or so miles south of Moscow to the Black Sea and which now contains most of the Russian and Ukrainian population. The campaigns also played an important role in the development of the Cossacks.

Estimates of the number of people affected vary: Polish historian Bohdan Baranowski assumed that the 17th century Polishโ€“Lithuanian Commonwealth (present-day Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Ukraine and Belarus) lost an average of 20,000 yearly and as many as one million in total from 1474 to 1694.[6] Mikhail Khodarkhovsky estimates that 150,000 to 200,000 people were abducted from Russia in the first half of the 17th century.

The first major raid occurred in 1468 and was directed into the south-eastern border of Poland. The last raid into Hungary took place in 1717. In 1769, the last major Tatar raid, which took place during the Russo-Turkish War, saw the capture of 20,000 slaves.

Anonymous ID: 797998 June 23, 2022, 6:22 a.m. No.16493804   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>3815

>>16493796

>Genoese and Venetian merchants controlled the slave trade from Crimea to Western Europe. They largely inhabited the "Wild Fields" โ€“ the steppe and forest-steppe land which extends from a hundred or so miles south of Moscow to the Black Sea and which now contains most of the Russian and Ukrainian population.

Most of the raids fell on territory of today's Russia and Ukraine โ€“ lands previously divided between Muscovy and Lithuania, although some fell on Moldavia and Circassia (North Caucasus). A considerable part of the male population of Crimea took part in these campaigns.

The main economic goal of the raids was booty, some of it material, but most of it human. These human trade goods were mostly sold on to the Ottoman Empire, although some remained in Crimea. Slaves and freedmen formed approximately 75% of the Crimean population. According to the Encyclopรฆdia Britannica, "It is known that for every slave the Crimeans sold in the market, they killed outright several other people during their raids, and a couple more died on the way to the slave market." The main slave market was Caffa which after 1475 was part of the coastal strip of Crimea that belonged to the Ottomans. In the 1570s close to 20,000 slaves a year went on sale in Caffa.

Anonymous ID: 797998 June 23, 2022, 6:26 a.m. No.16493815   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun

>>16493804

The main slave market was at Caffa which after 1475 belonged to the Ottoman Empire. The town had artillery and a strong garrison of Janissaries. Besides Caffa, slaves were sold in Karasubazar, Tuzleri, Bakhchysarai and Khazleve. Slave dealers came from various backgrounds: Turks, Arabs, Greeks, Armenians and others. For the right to trade they paid tax to the Crimean Khan and Turkish Pasha. In Caffa there were sometimes as many as 30,000 slaves, mostly from Muscovy and the southeastern lands of the Commonwealth. Habsburg diplomat and the ambassador of the Holy Roman Empire to Muscovy, Sigismund von Herberstein, wrote that "old and infirmed men, who will not fetch much at a sale, are given up to the Tatar youths, either to be stoned, or to be thrown into the sea, or to be killed by any sort of death they might please."

According to Ukrainian-Canadian historian Orest Subtelny, "from 1450 to 1586, eighty-six raids were recorded, and from 1600 to 1647, seventy. Although estimates of the number of captives taken in a single raid reached as high as 30,000, the average figure was closer to 3000โ€ฆIn Podilia alone, about one-third of all the villages were devastated or abandoned between 1578 and 1583."

Michalo Lituanus described Caffa as "an insatiable and lawless abyss, drinking our blood." Besides the bad food, water, clothing and shelter, they were subjected to exhausting labor and abuse. According to Litvin "the stronger slaves were castrated, others had their noses and ears slit and were branded on the forehead or cheek. By day they were tormented with forced labor and at night kept in dungeons." Muslim, Armenians, Jews, and Greek traders all purchased Slavic slaves in Caffa.

Anonymous ID: 797998 June 23, 2022, 6:40 a.m. No.16493857   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>3875

>>16493854

FFmpeg is the leading multimedia framework, able to decode, encode, transcode, mux, demux, stream, filter and play pretty much anything that humans and machines have created. It supports the most obscure ancient formats up to the cutting edge. No matter if they were designed by some standards committee, the community or a corporation. It is also highly portable: FFmpeg compiles, runs, and passes our testing infrastructure FATE across Linux, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, the BSDs, Solaris, etc. under a wide variety of build environments, machine architectures, and configurations.