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>https://www.rt.com/russia/563021-russia-nuclear-doctrine-ukraine/
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BASICS state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of nuclear deterrence
I. General provisions
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These Fundamentals are a document of strategic planning in the field of defense and reflect the official views on the essence of nuclear deterrence, determine the military dangers and threats to neutralize which nuclear deterrence is carried out, the principles of nuclear deterrence, as well as the conditions for the transition of the Russian Federation to the use of nuclear weapons.
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Guaranteed deterrence of a potential adversary from aggression against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies is one of the highest state priorities. Deterrence of aggression is ensured by the totality of the military might of the Russian Federation, including nuclear weapons.
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The state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of nuclear deterrence (hereinafter referred to as the state policy in the field of nuclear deterrence) is a set of coordinated political, military, military-technical, diplomatic, economic, information and other measures based on forces and means of nuclear deterrence to prevent aggression against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies.
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The state policy in the field of nuclear deterrence is defensive in nature, aimed at maintaining the potential of nuclear forces at a level sufficient to ensure nuclear deterrence, and guarantees the protection of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the state, deterring a potential adversary from aggression against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies , and in the event of a military conflict - preventing the escalation of hostilities and their termination on terms acceptable to the Russian Federation and (or) its allies.
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The Russian Federation considers nuclear weapons solely as a means of deterrence, the use of which is an extreme and necessary measure, and takes all necessary efforts to reduce the nuclear threat and prevent aggravation of interstate relations that could provoke military conflicts, including nuclear ones.
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The legal framework of these Fundamentals is formed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, generally recognized principles and norms of international law, international treaties of the Russian Federation in the field of defense and arms control, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, other regulatory legal acts and documents regulating issues of defense and security.
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The provisions of these Fundamentals are binding on all federal government bodies, other state bodies and organizations involved in ensuring nuclear deterrence.
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These Fundamentals may be refined depending on external and internal factors affecting the provision of defense.
II. The essence of nuclear deterrence
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Nuclear deterrence is aimed at ensuring that a potential adversary understands the inevitability of retaliation in the event of aggression against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies.
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Nuclear deterrence is ensured by the presence in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation of combat-ready forces and means capable of inflicting unacceptable damage to a potential adversary under any conditions of the situation through the use of nuclear weapons, as well as by the readiness and determination of the Russian Federation to use such weapons.
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Nuclear deterrence is carried out continuously in peacetime, in times of imminent threat of aggression and in wartime, right up to the start of the use of nuclear weapons.
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The main military dangers, which, depending on changes in the military-political and strategic situation, can develop into military threats to the Russian Federation (threats of aggression) and for the neutralization of which nuclear deterrence is carried out, are:
a) build-up by a potential adversary in the territories adjacent to the Russian Federation and its allies and in the adjacent sea areas of groupings of general-purpose forces, which include nuclear weapons delivery vehicles;
b) the deployment by states that consider the Russian Federation as a potential adversary of anti-missile defense systems and means, medium and short-range cruise and ballistic missiles, high-precision non-nuclear and hypersonic weapons, strike unmanned aerial vehicles, and directed energy weapons;
c) creation and placement in space of anti-missile defense and strike systems;
d) the states have nuclear weapons and (or) other types of weapons of mass destruction that can be used against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies, as well as means of delivery of these types of weapons;
e) uncontrolled proliferation of nuclear weapons, their means of delivery, technologies and equipment for their manufacture;
f) deployment of nuclear weapons and means of their delivery on the territories of non-nuclear states.
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The Russian Federation exercises nuclear deterrence against individual states and military coalitions (blocs, alliances) that consider the Russian Federation as a potential adversary and possess nuclear weapons and (or) other types of weapons of mass destruction or a significant combat potential of general-purpose forces.
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When exercising nuclear deterrence, the Russian Federation shall take into account the deployment by a potential adversary on the territories of other states of offensive means (cruise and ballistic missiles, hypersonic aircraft, attack unmanned aerial vehicles), directed energy weapons, anti-missile defense systems, warnings of a nuclear missile strike , nuclear weapons and (or) other types of weapons of mass destruction that can be used against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies.
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The principles of nuclear deterrence are:
a) compliance with international obligations in the field of arms control;
b) continuity of measures to ensure nuclear deterrence;
c) adaptability of nuclear deterrence to military threats;
d) uncertainty for a potential adversary of the scale, time and place of the possible use of forces and means of nuclear deterrence;
e) centralization of state management of the activities of federal executive bodies and organizations involved in ensuring nuclear deterrence;
f) the rationality of the structure and composition of forces and means of nuclear deterrence, as well as their maintenance at a level that is minimally sufficient to fulfill the assigned tasks;
g) maintaining the constant readiness of a dedicated part of the forces and means of nuclear deterrence for combat use.
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The nuclear deterrence forces of the Russian Federation include ground, sea and air based nuclear forces.
III. Transition conditions of the Russian Federation to the use of nuclear weapons
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The Russian Federation reserves the right to use nuclear weapons in response to the use of nuclear weapons and other types of weapons of mass destruction against it and (or) its allies, as well as in the event of aggression against the Russian Federation with the use of conventional weapons, when the very existence of the state is threatened.
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The decision to use nuclear weapons is made by the President of the Russian Federation.
19. The conditions determining the possibility of the use of nuclear weapons by the Russian Federation are:
a) receipt of reliable information about the launch of ballistic missiles attacking the territories of the Russian Federation and (or) its allies;
b) the use by the adversary of nuclear weapons or other types of weapons of mass destruction in the territories of the Russian Federation and (or) its allies;
c) the impact of the enemy on critical state or military facilities of the Russian Federation, the failure of which will lead to the disruption of the response of nuclear forces;
d) aggression against the Russian Federation with the use of conventional weapons, when the very existence of the state is threatened.
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The President of the Russian Federation may, if necessary, inform the military-political leadership of other states and (or) international organizations about the readiness of the Russian Federation to use nuclear weapons or about the decision taken to use nuclear weapons, as well as about the fact of their use.
IV. Tasks and functions of federal government bodies, other state bodies and organizations for the implementation of state policy in the field of nuclear deterrence
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General leadership of the state policy in the field of nuclear deterrence is carried out by the President of the Russian Federation.
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The Government of the Russian Federation takes measures to implement an economic policy aimed at maintaining and developing nuclear deterrence, and also forms and implements a foreign and information policy in the field of nuclear deterrence.
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The Security Council of the Russian Federation forms the main directions of military policy in the field of nuclear deterrence, and also coordinates the activities of federal executive bodies and organizations involved in the implementation of the decisions taken by the President of the Russian Federation concerning the provision of nuclear deterrence.
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The Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, through the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, directly plans and implements measures of an organizational and military nature in the field of nuclear deterrence.
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Other federal executive bodies and organizations participate in the implementation of the decisions adopted by the President of the Russian Federation concerning the provision of nuclear deterrence, in accordance with their powers.
http://kremlin.ru/acts/bank