Anonymous ID: 9c0244 Jan. 13, 2023, 12:39 p.m. No.18138419   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun

The cornea is among the few tissues in the body that have immune privilege. The unique avascular anatomy as well as the absence of lymphatic tissue within the cornea prevent access by the immune system. Additionally, the corneal layers express low amounts of major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) I and II, limiting the immune response against antigens. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have an important role in downregulation of immune responses in the cornea. Expression of surface molecules on these cells, including cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4, programmed cell death ligand-1, and forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3), as well as secretion of interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-ฮฒ work to suppress immune activation by inhibiting activities of antigen presenting cells and CD4+ T cells and inhibiting interferon gamma production [63,68,69]. While dendritic cells exist in the central and peripheral cornea, they are suppressed by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist expressed in the cornea, further reinforcing the corneaโ€™s exclusion from immune surveillance [68]. These mechanisms and others promote survival of corneal allografts. It has been hypothesized that the immune system activation and dysregulation occurring after vaccination may threaten these barriers and expose the corneal graft and foreign antigens to the immune system, mediating rejection [70].

Cross-reactivity between the SARS-CoV-2 antigen and MHC-antigen complexes has been proposed as a mechanism for acute rejection following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. The BNT162b2 and the mRNA-1723 vaccines are lipid-encapsulated mRNA molecules encoding the spike protein, which is the target antigen for the humoral immune response. After vaccination, anti-spike protein titers are elevated. At this time, antibodies that are cross-reactive with corneal graft donor molecules may produce an immune response, thereby mediating rejection [30]. Another proposed mechanism is based on observed corneal responses during states of inflammatory stress. In response to stress, MHC class II and co-stimulatory molecule expression is induced in corneal epithelial cells and dendritic cells. Such inflammatory stress may be induced after vaccination and lead to allosensitization by presentation of donor antigens [68]. Similarly, inflammation within the host bed has been demonstrated to decrease the expression of Foxp3 in Tregs and disrupt differentiation of Tregs, potentially weakening the multiple mechanisms for immune modulation by Tregs [71]. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses, as seen with other vaccines, including a Th1-biased CD4+ response. CD4+ Th1 cells are mediators of corneal graft rejection and may play a role here [32,72].

Another possible mechanism may include an immune reaction to vaccination adjuvants, which are used to enhance the bodyโ€™s immune response and lower the frequency and amount of vaccine needed to obtain adequate preventive immunity [49].

Anonymous ID: 9c0244 Jan. 13, 2023, 12:43 p.m. No.18138450   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun

Corneal Adverse Events Associated with SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review

 

Benefits do not outweigh risks.

Good article, but these journals all wrongly conclude that Benefits outweigh overall risk.

 

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/166

Anonymous ID: 9c0244 Jan. 13, 2023, 12:55 p.m. No.18138510   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun

Trump has a picture with Lindell and possibly what outlines the corneal shape in the background.

He might be keeping up with all the studies and data and presenting it in images before they are released to the public in journals.