haters gonna hate
"When we’re done he’ll claim Kenyan citizenship as a way to escape."
Eggshell Microparticle Reinforced Scaffolds for Regeneration of Critical Sized Cranial Defects
Xinchen Wu 1 2 , Olivia Gauntlett 2 , Tengfei Zhang 3 , Sanika Suvarnapathaki 1 2 , Colleen McCarthy 2 , Bin Wu 3 , Gulden Camci-Unal 2 4
Affiliations
PMID: 34905346 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c19884
Abstract
Scaffold-based approaches for bone regeneration have been studied using a wide range of biomaterials as reinforcing agents to improve the mechanical strength and bioactivity of the 3D constructs. Eggshells are sustainable and inexpensive materials with unique biological and chemical properties to support bone differentiation. The incorporation of eggshell particles within hydrogels yields highly osteoinductive and osteoconductive scaffolds. This study reveals the effects of microparticles of whole eggshells, eggshells without a membrane, and a pristine eggshell membrane on osteogenic differentiation in protein-derived hydrogels. The in vitro studies showed that gels reinforced with eggshells with and without a membrane demonstrated comparable cellular proliferation, osteogenic gene expression, and osteogenic differentiation. Subsequently, in vivo studies were performed to implant eggshell microparticle-reinforced composite hydrogel scaffolds into critical-sized cranial defects in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats for up to 12 weeks to study bone regeneration. The in vivo results showed that the eggshell microparticle-based scaffolds supported an average bone volume of 60 mm3 and a bone density of 2000 HU 12 weeks post implantation. Furthermore, histological analyses of the explanted scaffolds showed that the eggshell microparticle-reinforced scaffolds permitted tissue infiltration and induced bone tissue formation over 12 weeks. The histology staining also indicated that these scaffolds induced significantly higher bone regeneration at 6 and 12 weeks as compared to the blank (no scaffold) and pristine gel scaffolds. The eggshell microparticle-reinforced scaffolds also supported significantly higher bone formation, remodeling, and vascularization over 6 and 12 weeks as confirmed by immunohistochemistry analysis. Collectively, our results indicated that eggshell microparticle-reinforced scaffolds facilitated significant bone regeneration in critical-sized cranial defects.
Keywords: bone regeneration; cranial defect; critical-sized; eggshell membrane; eggshell particles
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34905346/
A novel egg-shell membrane based hybrid nanofibrous scaffold for cutaneous tissue engineering
Leila Mohammadzadeh 1 , Reza Rahbarghazi 2 , Roya Salehi 3 , Mehrdad Mahkam 1
Affiliations
PMID: 31673286 PMCID: PMC6815433 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0208-x
Free PMC article
Abstract
Background: The main issue in cutaneous regeneration is to develop engineered scaffolds based on natural extracellular matrix to promote dynamics of skin progenitor cells and accelerate differentiation into mature keratinocytes.
…..
Conclusion: Modulation of scaffolds with natural biopolymers could enable us to synthesize structures appropriate for cutaneous regeneration.
Keywords: Aloe vera; Basal cells; Differentiation; Eggshell membranes; Nanofibrous scaffolds.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34905346/
1559
19-Jun-2018 8:53:55 AM PDTQ !CbboFOtcZs8ch/qresearch
DECLAS
LP “Viva Le Resistance.”
Viv[a] vs Viv[e]
[J C]
Why classified by intel comm @ highest level?
Define title.
Define role w/ Mueller.
Exchange shelters VERY senior member.
Q
James 8. Corney, goddamnit!
Cures was an ancient Sabine town between the left bank of the Tiber and the Via Salaria, about 26 miles (42 km) from Rome, in central Italy. Its remains are located in the modern commune of Fara Sabina. According to legend, it was from Cures that Titus Tatius led to the Quirinal the Sabine settlers, from whom, after their union with the settlers on the Palatine, the whole Roman people took the name Quirites.[1] Another legend, related by Dionysius,[2] connects the foundation of Cures with the worship of the Sabine god Quirinus, whence Quirites.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cures%2C_Sabinum