dChan - Q Origins Project Archive

"JUST DISCOVERED WHAT IS DERAILING TRAINS, CLOSING AIRPORTS && DESTROYING CRITICAL lNFRASTRUCTURE"

SCADA systems (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) are responsible for air traffic controlling, remote train monitoring and control systems and provide almost all critical infrastructure with visibility/control of failure conditions in complex systems.

STUXNET is a malware software designed by 1srae1 and approved by the U.S. to attack SCADA systems.

https://www.hstoday.us/federal-pages/dhs/stuxnet-and-beyond-the-origins-of-scada-and-vulnerabilities-to-critical-infrastructure/

"SCADA systems are used to operate large-scale systems around the world, to include the U.S. The widespread adoption of SCADA grew because of the need to more economically manage large-scale industrial systems to support modern society’s growing demand for products, services, and utilities. The sheer size, complexity, and sensitivity of these large-scale industrial systems requires continuous monitoring, communication, and coordination at remote locations to provide needed utility services.

Prior to SCADA, industrial systems required numerous personnel to continuously monitor and coordinate activities, often by pre-digital analog devices. Personnel would monitor industrials systems and relay information to the main operator. As industrial complexity grew, sites became larger and as demand grew, sites often became more remote. In response, human-enabled analog systems become more cumbersome, time consuming, and uneconomical, and just in time digital technology grew and is pervasive today across industry.

One of the most foundational early tests to illustrate the risk of cyber-attacks on SCADA was conducted in 2007, when the Department of Energy (DOE) and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) carried out the AURORA Project test in cooperation with the Idaho National Engineering Lab (INEL). AURORA’s purpose was to demonstrate how the growing reliance on SCADA systems was increasing U.S. critical infrastructure’s vulnerability to cyber-attacks, in this case a rotating diesel generator running on three-phase power. INEL engineers executed various cyber-attacks remotely through the internet and repeatedly turned it on and off putting it out of phase and within minutes caused the generator to implode from the generated stresses.

In 2010, a highly publicized cyber-attack on a SCADA system was uncovered. Malware was discovered on several systems across the globe, with an unusually high concentration of impacted systems in Iran. The malware was quickly named Stuxnet and was identified as a highly sophisticated and complex computer worm. Stuxnet garnered much attention from the international community as it became apparent that an unknown actor designed it to attack a particular SCADA brand and model; as such, Stuxnet still represents a key moment in the history of cyber-attacks on industrial systems. Stuxnet is worth discussing further.

Stuxnet was specifically engineered to attack a specific device and model within a particular industrial system. The apparent target was the PLCs associated with Iran’s Nantanz nuclear power facility’s centrifuges. Stuxnet compromised the integrity of the centrifuges by increasing their speed beyond their specification limits and making that unbeknownst to the operators, until the centrifuges were damaged. The attack allegedly destroyed upwards of 20 percent of Iran’s nuclear centrifuges and set back Iran’s nuclear program, which was believed to be the intent of the attack.

p1

>>18409343

Undoubtedly, Stuxnet was well-planned, engineered, and took advantage of a multitude of vulnerabilities rarely seen in a singular attack. As such, Stuxnet was believed to be nation-state backed as it was so innovative, utilized insider knowledge, exploited human weaknesses, and exhibited a wealth of technical skills and expertise across a broad spectrum of industries. Stuxnet was even designed to self-replicate and jump from computer-to-computer and perform complex actions without any human provocation or a connection to the internet.

Additionally, Stuxnet took obfuscation into account. Stuxnet employed a layer of stealth on the PLCs it infected, and it utilized two legitimate security clearances under employed drivers. Stuxnet was even designed to limit its replication, to minimize its spread across SCADA systems to reduce its chances of discovery. Moreover, Stuxnet limited the number and the extent of damage to the centrifuges it was targeting so as not to draw direct and unwanted attention.

Mostly notably of all, Stuxent employed four separate and previously unknown exploits commonly referred to as “zero-day” vulnerabilities. These zero-day exploits were designed to act harmoniously in concert with one another. One zero-day exploit was used to gain access to the SCADA systems, another was used to spread the worm, and two additional zero-days exploits were used to elevate privileges within the system it infected. In addition, despite using four zero-day exploits, the architects behind Stuxnet even planned for when these zero-day exploits were patched and prepared for a secondary avenue to maintain and spread Stuxnet.

Without a doubt, the Stuxnet event marks a key turning point in cyber-related attacks. And, while the Stuxnet virus is well known for what it did accomplish, one of the most important takeaways from the event is not what Stuxnet did, but what it could have done. Certainly, had the architects of Stuxnet had other intentions, Stuxnet could have been far worse and far more malicious. Interestingly, the Stuxnet virus was comprehensibly decompiled and is available to download on the internet to analyze."

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Texas High Schoolers Are Being Jailed on Felony Charges For Vaping

https://www.yahoo.com/news/texas-high-schoolers-being-jailed-130000119.html

SPRING BRANCH — When kids walk into the gas station near the high school in this rural stretch north of San Antonio, they come face to face with Texas’ booming market in psychoactive hemp derivatives.

Just inside the door, a glass cabinet entices shoppers to a smorgasbord of fruity and doughnut-flavored vape pens dressed in vibrant, shiny packaging. The store, like many across Texas, is promoting its collection of delta-8 and other new strains of purportedly legal tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, the mind-altering part of the cannabis plant.

Any adult over age 21 can buy the vapes at this Valero. But if the Comal Independent School District catches one of its students down the road at Smithson Valley High School with a pound cake-flavored vape, they may end up in county jail, facing felony charges that would follow them the rest of their life.

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School officials and local law enforcement are attempting to stymie the sometimes dangerous youth vaping craze by drawing a hard line. Students are offered $100 for anonymously reporting classmates with THC vape pens to the police.

And since sheriff’s deputies assigned to the schools often can tell if a vape pen contains THC, but not whether it’s delta-8 or the illegal delta-9 cannabis oil, they assume the worst, slap on the cuffs and leave it for someone else to figure out.

That’s what happened to Myles Leon, a Smithson Valley senior arrested at school in October with what he says was a delta-8 vape pen. At 17, he is considered an adult in Texas’ criminal system, facing a felony charge based on the as yet unproven assumption that the vape pen he was caught holding might have contained the illegal delta-9.

“They instantly just think it’s [illegal] THC. I don’t think they really care about the difference,” Myles said in December, hunched next to his mother on their living room couch. “Because even I said that it was delta-8 and it didn’t matter. They’re still gonna arrest me anyways.”

When Texas legalized hemp in 2019, the lower-potency THC naturally found in small amounts in the cannabis plant — delta-8 — suddenly no longer fit the state’s definition of illegal marijuana and THC. The market capitalized on the notion of a legal strain of THC, and companies began boosting the concentration of delta-8 to make hemp-derived vape pens and edibles that produce a high similar to pot.

The legality of these lab-produced delta-8 products is still under scrutiny, but for more than a year, stores and users have freely sold and purchased them without issue. If teens get caught with vape pens that are proven to contain only delta-8, the worst criminal penalty they would most likely face would be a ticket, similar to getting caught with cigarettes or alcohol.

But delta-9 THC, the most prolific psychoactive compound in marijuana cannabis plants, remained illegal in Texas in concentrations higher than 0.3%. Vape pens with marijuana-derived extracts are legal in many states, like New Mexico and Colorado, but not in Texas, and the criminal punishments for such derivatives are harsher than for marijuana.

Possession of even one illegal THC vape pen can carry a punishment of up to 10 years in prison and a lifelong label that makes it more difficult to get into college, get a job or find housing. Having up to 4 ounces of flower marijuana is a misdemeanor.

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>>18409354

In Comal County, deputies have arrested students on felony charges, not knowing what their vape pens actually contained.

Soft-spoken and awkward in his tall frame, Myles said he walked into a locker room before class one day and saw a few other kids vaping. E-cigarettes have become alarmingly commonplace in schools across the country, prompting the American Medical Association to deem teen vaping a public health epidemic and leading to increased regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The FDA has also urged teens not to vape THC, as the unregulated products have been linked to numerous lung injuries and deaths.

The kids in the locker room told Myles the pen contained delta-8, and he asked if he could have a hit, he said. It’s a decision he has regretted since.

A coach walked in while Myles had the pen in his hand and ushered him into the principals’ office, he said. The pen was unlabeled, as many are, but sported a cannabis leaf symbol, so school officials brought in the sheriff’s deputies.

The district can’t comment on specific students, but spokesperson Steve Stanford said the district works with the sheriff’s office to address THC vaping. For school disciplinary action, he said it’s up to the student to prove a THC pen is legal, not for the school to prove it’s illegal.

“Even if it is determined that it is a legal derivative, the student is cited for being in possession of drug paraphernalia” and put into a disciplinary school for a time, he said.

Myles said he was cooperating as much as he could, handing over the pen and answering questions. Still, he soon felt metal on his wrists and was walked in handcuffs across campus to the sheriff’s office at the school so deputies could run a test to detect THC in the vape oil.

Police field test kits, like those used by the Comal County sheriff’s office, can quickly flag if vape oil likely contains THC, but not whether it’s derived from legal hemp or illegal marijuana.

“That test is a presumptive positive, and that provides the probable cause for an arrest,” Cpl. Shawn Trevino said when asked about making felony arrests based on an ambiguous test.

It may be enough for the sheriff’s office, but it’s often not for prosecutors or courts. Republican Comal County District Attorney Jennifer Tharp said her office doesn’t accept drug cases without first looking for lab results. So after a THC arrest, the Comal County sheriff’s office sends vape cartridges off to state crime labs for further testing.

But state labs, which can take months or years to return results to police and prosecutors in any criminal case, have been able to distinguish between different strains of THC in vape oils only since September. They still can’t tell edibles apart.

Still, Myles was soon in the back of a squad car, on his way to the Comal County Jail.

“I get I had to face the consequences, but I feel like it’s a little severe,” he said quietly. “I know since I’m underage it’s not legal for me, but I know if I was of age and I wasn’t on school it probably would be legal for me.”

Since he’s 17, Myles was booked into the adult county jail and kept in a holding cell with grown men for hours. Federal law meant to prevent sexual assaults in incarcerated settings requires people under 18 to be housed separately from adults, but Texas doesn’t make local jails abide by such laws, according to Brandon Wood, director of the Texas Commission on Jail Standards.

p2

>>18409355

While Myles’ parents scrambled to figure out how to get their son out of jail, the teen said he sat in the cell for about 12 hours till nearly 10 p.m., listening to other inmates talk about shootouts and drugs he’d never heard of before.

For the alleged crime of possessing an illegal vape pen, his bail was set at $5,000. Luckily, his parents could afford to free him.

“These are real criminals committing actual hard crimes,” he said. “And I’m just there because I was smoking at school.”

Hazy legality

Since the legalization of hemp production federally in 2018 and in Texas in 2019, criminal enforcement of marijuana laws has gotten complicated. As in Myles’ case, police often can’t tell the difference between legal and illegal cannabis anymore, and at least several prosecutors have refused to pursue many marijuana cases without test results that state labs couldn’t produce until recently.

Plus, with polls increasingly showing that a majority of Texans support marijuana legalization, some district attorneys and police departments no longer pursue most low-level pot possession crimes. In 2022, Texas prosecutors filed 70% fewer misdemeanor marijuana possession charges than in 2018, down from nearly 71,000 to about 21,500, according to state reports.

Not all decisions were political — money also matters since pot cases are now more difficult to win in court without expensive lab tests. Some law enforcement officials have decided it isn’t worth their resources or those of the notoriously backlogged crime labs, which also identify harder drugs, like fentanyl, and test DNA in rape kits.

“Why am I going to invest probably $1 million-plus to train the one analyst I have doing this stuff? … I’ve got mountains of pills that are full of fentanyl and meth,” said Peter Stout, president and CEO of the Houston Forensic Science Center.

Related: How Does Smoking Marijuana Affect Academic Performance? Two Researchers Explain How it Can Alter More Than Just Moods

Every school district has its own approach to handling the increase in vaping and THC. In the school district just south of Comal ISD in North San Antonio, a Northeast ISD spokesperson said school police file reports on students caught with THC vape pens only if they have multiple pens. Even then, they don’t typically make arrests, leaving it up to the district attorney to decide whether those kids should be arrested or face criminal charges later.

In Round Rock, north of Austin, an official said the district has tried to handle THC offenses without seeking criminal charges, except in cases in which students are suspected of selling or distributing the substance. But Aaron Grigsby, a former Round Rock ISD police officer and Department of Public Safety captain, said the district police department required him to file felony reports against students caught with vape pens, even though they could have contained delta-8.

Grigsby, who helped implement DPS’ program to regulate medical cannabis, said he left the school department because he otherwise would have been forced to write reports calling a vape pen a felony substance when he didn’t feel he had enough suspicion to say it was.

“I’m not comfortable doing this anymore,” he told The Texas Tribune shortly before leaving the school district in October. “Students don’t need to be a test bed for whatever the law says on delta-8.”

p3

>>18409357

After hemp was legalized and the alternative THC market exploded, Texas’ state health department attempted in 2021 to halt delta-8 sales by classifying the hemp-derived THC strain as a controlled substance, like delta-9. Cannabis businesses, however, sued the department, and courts have temporarily nixed that classification while the case is pending. It’s unclear when a final ruling will come down.

At the state Capitol, legislation this year includes bills aiming to decrease criminal punishments for THC possession, as well as measures to ban the sale of delta-8 and other THC products. Similar bills failed in 2021, but it’s unclear how they will fare in the ongoing legislative session that ends in May.

Last session, the GOP-led Texas House passed a bill to make low-level marijuana possession a fine-only crime, which would have stopped arrests for less than an ounce of the drug. The more conservative Senate, however, didn’t move on the bill. Another unsuccessful measure would have lessened the penalty for possessing a small amount of marijuana concentrates, like delta-9 THC vape oils and edibles, from a felony to a misdemeanor crime, as is the case for flower marijuana.

Conversely, a failed 2021 bill sought to ban the sale of delta-8 and other THC synthetically derived from hemp, since the bill’s author believes, like the state health department, the substance is already illegal.

A law and order approach

Finishing up his senior year of high school, Myles works weekends at the local barbecue restaurant, and he’s trying to decide on a major at his community college in the fall. He’s also waiting to see if he will be indicted.

After his arrest in October, several teachers wrote to the principal advocating leniency, each describing Myles as a model student who made a mistake. Still, being caught with a suspected felony drug on campus, he was expelled for 30 days and sent to a disciplinary school for the rest of the fall semester.

Myles’ mom, Amy Leon, said she doesn’t want her kid smoking, and she and her husband grounded Myles after his arrest. But more than that, she is livid that the school handed her child off to police for what she deems overly harsh treatment. She has been pushing the school since to add more preventive programming — to help kids instead of tossing them in jail.

“Obviously he shouldn’t be doing this on school grounds, but shoot, this is intense,” Leon said. “If he was rolling a joint in the school, it would have been a lot better.”

Comal ISD officials said administrative disciplinary measures, including expulsion, are clearly outlined in school policy and state standards. As far as law enforcement’s involvement, Assistant Superintendent Corbee Wunderlich said district officials approach sheriff’s deputies because students pass vape pens around and get dangerously high at school. Plus, school employees can’t tell whether the substance is illegal.

“We want to know what it is, number one,” Wunderlich said. “And we don’t want it to endanger our students on our campuses.”

The district and sheriff’s office also work with the local Crime Stoppers affiliate, which pays for anonymous tips that lead to arrests, created as a way for people to send in tips about things like murders for which police had no suspects. In Comal ISD, tips are often received for vapes and dab pens, which heat wax instead of oil, according to Jakob Willmann, the sheriff’s office coordinator for the program.

A vape pen report that leads to an arrest gets you $100, delivered anonymously via code words and locations, Willmann said.

p4

>>18409358

This month, the district and sheriff’s office hosted a series of community nights at local schools to address the vaping crisis and other drugs. In the Smithson Valley auditorium, Trevino stood in front of about 25 parents and warned that kids were handing off THC vape pens to one another and selling them through the popular Snapchat app.

He, along with the county’s juvenile court judge, warned that kids caught with such devices could end up in prison for 10 years or, if they are between 10 and 16, detained in a youth detention center far from home.

No one mentioned that many legal THC vape pens are sold at the Valero the parents just drove past. There was also no discussion of substance abuse programs or help. It was a warning that THC could land their kids in jail, and other drugs, like fentanyl, could put them in a morgue.

It’s unclear how many other teens have been arrested at Comal ISD, as multiple sheriff’s officials said the office did not track the information. One department document listing incidents at Comal ISD schools, however, showed at least seven juveniles and two people 17 or older were arrested last semester for allegedly possessing a controlled substance in the penalty group most associated with THC oil.

Tharp, the district attorney, said THC vape cases from schools haven’t hit her desk yet, likely because the state crime labs only just started being able to distinguish THC strains in September.

“But we might be getting them soon,” she said at the school event this month.

Meanwhile, Myles is biding his time. Largely, he’s living life as he did before the arrest, except he has to check in weekly with the bail bondsman and can’t leave the state without permission. He’s hopeful the case will eventually be tossed, but he’s putting his faith in the hands of the other teen who handed him the vape pen back in October.

“The guy told me it was delta-8. But it wasn’t mine, so I don’t know,” he said quietly. “But that’s what I’m hoping it was.”

Like Myles, his mother also hopes the felony case will be tossed once lab results come back, whenever that may be. But she shared none of Myles’ expectations, often paired with youth, that things would simply work out. Fear shone in her eyes. “I hope it’s gonna go away. I know I think it’s stupid, but I’m not the judge here,” she said. “And they could make him an example. And I don’t know what’s gonna happen. And he still has a felony looming. And that’s terrifying.”

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https://twitter.com/GDarkconrad/status/1629445689078865920

Manu Gómez

@GDarkconrad

Interesting GPS jammin area in Russian Far East region near Komsomolsk-on-Amur.

https://twitter.com/Ceracticus/status/1629448405817651200

Bergerac

@Ceracticus

Replying to

@GDarkconrad

National-Level nuclear weapons storage site

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11790981/amp/Mega-prison-El-Salvador-gangsters-80-beds-100-people-welcomes-inmates.html

Mega-prison in El Salvador for 40,000 suspected gangsters - which has only 80 beds for every 100 inmates - welcomes its first new inmates with vow 'You will never walk out of here'

El Salvador has the highest incarceration rate in world with 2 per cent of their population currently in jail

Recently the government has cracked down on gangs and arrested 63,000 people under state of emergency

A mega-prison in El Salvador has opened its doors to its first 2,000 inmates of suspected gang members - who upon their arrival found out there are not enough beds for everyone and there are no mattresses.

The facility is designed to house 40,000 suspected gangsters and the security minister for the Central American country warned inmates they 'will never walk out of here'.

The move to the high-tech prison follows President Nayib Bukele's 'war' on crime.

Bukele tweeted that 'at dawn, in a single operation, we transferred the first 2,000 members to the Center for the Confinement of Terrorism (CECOT)' - which he claims is the largest mega-prison in the Americas.

Bukele added: 'This will be their new house, where they will live for decades, all mixed, unable to do any further harm to the population.'

Police officers in riot gear guarding the arrival of inmates belonging to the MS-13 and 18 gangs to the new prison "Terrorist Confinement Centre"

The prisoners were made to run while leaning forwards with their hands cuffed behind their backs as they moved into the prison

They were loaded onto buses, hands and feet in shackles, to be taken to the new prison in a convoy that included helicopters.

The president posted a video showing barefoot, tattooed men wearing only white boxers, bent over and with their hands behind their shaven heads.

They were stacked closely together, each sitting with his legs on either side of the man in front of them as armed guards in balaclavas look on.

At the new facility, the men were similarly stacked up before being led in large groups into their cells, where they are left sitting on the floor before stacked metal beds with no mattresses visible.

'We are eliminating this cancer from society,' justice and security minister Gustavo Villatoro said on Twitter.

'Know that you will never walk out of CECOT, you will pay for what you are… cowardly terrorists,' he added.

Built on Bukele's orders after he declared a 'war' on gangs last March, the prison in Tecoluca, 74 kilometers (46 miles) southeast of the capital San Salvador, consists of eight buildings made of reinforced concrete.

Each one has 32 cells of about 100 square meters (1,075 square feet), designed to hold 'more than 100' inmates, according to Public Works Minister Romeo Rodriguez.

Each cell has only two sinks and two toilets.

The men all had their hair shaved off, revealing a wide variety of tattoos on their heads

The Terrorism Confinement Center, which will be guarded by over 800 soldiers and police officers, more than doubles El Salvador's incarceration capacity and will help relieve some of the overpopulation in the country's prison system

The first 2,000 Inmates in El Salvador were moved to a new prison called "Terrorist Confinement Centre"

A prison guard stands by a group of six prisoners who are cuffed, tightly lined up and facing a wall

The first 2,000 gang members were transferred from the Izalco prison to "America's largest" mega-prison, equipped with high-tech surveillance

The majority of the prisoners are heavily

The prison is equipped with dining halls, exercise rooms and table tennis tables, they are exclusively for guards' use

Gang members wait to be taken to their cells after 2000 gang members were transferred to the Terrorism Confinement Center

There are only 80 metal bunks for every 100 prisoners, and rights groups and observers have criticised the construction as a violation of incarceration standards.

'There will be no mattresses in the cells,' the prison warden - who wore a ski mask to protect his identity - told journalists when the project was unveiled.

While the prison is equipped with dining halls, exercise rooms and table tennis tables, they are exclusively for guards' use.

Prisoners will leave the cell only for legal hearings by videoconference, or to be punished in a windowless and unlit isolation cell.

p1

>>18409402

Some 63,000 presumed gang members have been rounded up since Bukele declared a state of emergency months ago, allowing arrests without warrants in the violence-plagued country.

There are only 80 metal bunks for every 100 prisoners, and rights groups and observers have criticised the construction as a violation of incarceration standards

An officer supervises video monitors in the Terrorism Confinement Center on Thursday

The arrival of inmates belonging to the MS-13 and 18 gangs to the new prison "Terrorist Confinement Centre"

'There will be no mattresses in the cells,' the prison warden - who wore a ski mask to protect his identity - told journalists when the project was unveiled

Police officers registering the arrival of inmates belonging to the MS-13 and 18 gangs

Some 63,000 presumed gang members have been rounded up since Bukele declared a state of emergency months ago

p2