https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891584923005014
Toxicity of the spike protein of COVID-19 is a redox shift phenomenon: A novel therapeutic approach
Highlights
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COVID-19 protein toxicity is a redox shift phenomenon.
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Redox shift is due to Warburg effect and mitochondrial impairment.
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The cytokine storm is a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Lipoic acid, Methylene Blue and Chlorine dioxide relieve COVID-19 spike protein toxicity.
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that most diseases display a form of anabolism due to mitochondrial impairment: in cancer, a daughter cell is formed; in Alzheimer's disease, amyloid plaques; in inflammation cytokines and lymphokines.
The infection by Covid-19 follows a similar pattern. Long-term effects include redox shift and cellular anabolism as a result of the Warburg effect and mitochondrial dysfunction. This unrelenting anabolism leads to the cytokine storm, chronic fatigue, chronic inflammation or neurodegenerative diseases. Drugs such as Lipoic acid and Methylene Blue have been shown to enhance the mitochondrial activity, relieve the Warburg effect and increase catabolism. Similarly, coMeBining Methylene Blue, Chlorine dioxide and Lipoic acid may help reduce long-term Covid-19 effects by stimulating the catabolism.
Conclusion
In Covid-19, like in any disease, some entropy cannot be exported in the harmless form of heat, H2O and CO2 (catabolism) and is released in larger biomolecules (anabolism). Drugs such as lipoic acid and MeB, which target the metabolism, decrease the redox shift by increasing catabolism. It is possible that a treatment based on MeB, Chlorine dioxide and lipoic acid will decrease the long-term complications of Covid-19 due to the spike protein of SARS-Cov-2.