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Anonymous ID: ab92e4 Oct. 24, 2023, 6:38 a.m. No.19792887   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>2890

ArtIII.S2.C1.6.4.1 Overview of Lujan Test

Article III, Section 2, Clause 1:

 

The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority;—to all Cases affecting Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls;—to all Cases of admiralty and maritime Jurisdiction; to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party;—to Controversies between two or more States; between a State and Citizens of another State, between Citizens of different States,—between Citizens of the same State claiming Lands under Grants of different States, and between a State, or the Citizens thereof, and foreign States, Citizens or Subjects.

 

Justice Antonin Scalia synthesized several of the Court’s standing cases from 1970s and 1980s to produce a three-part test.2 Writing for the Court, he stated that a litigant seeking to invoke the jurisdiction of a federal court must demonstrate that:

 

He has suffered an injury in fact that is concrete, particularized, and actual or imminent, not conjectural or hypothetical;

 

That a causal connection exists between the injury and the challenged conduct of the defendant, such that the injury is fairly traceable to the defendant’s conductand notthe result of action by third parties not before the court;and

 

That it is likely, as opposed to merely speculative, that the injury will be redressed by a favorable decision.3

 

No injury, no connection, no redress….No Crime.