CURE FOR EPILEPSY

Also many other neurological and immunological diseases…

Research into the gut microbiome of individuals with epilepsy has identified specific bacterial strains that are present at abnormal levels compared to healthy controls. Here are the findings from various studies:

Abnormally High Bacterial Strains in People with Epilepsy

Firmicutes: A higher Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio has been observed in individuals with epilepsy.

Prevotella: Some studies have reported increased levels of Prevotella in people with epilepsy.

Clostridium spp.: Certain Clostridium species, including those related to Clostridium bolteae and Clostridium perfringens, have been found in higher concentrations.

Lachnospiraceae: Elevated levels of certain Lachnospiraceae family members have been associated with epilepsy.

Abnormally Low Bacterial Strains in People with Epilepsy

Bacteroides: Decreased levels of Bacteroides, which are crucial for breaking down complex molecules and maintaining gut health, have been noted.

Bifidobacterium: Lower counts of Bifidobacterium, important for gut health and immune modulation, are frequently reported.

Akkermansia muciniphila: Reduced levels of Akkermansia muciniphila, which plays a key role in maintaining the mucosal barrier and anti-inflammatory processes.

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii: This beneficial bacterium, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, is often found in lower abundance in individuals with epilepsy.

Parabacteroides: Reduced levels of Parabacteroides have also been identified in some studies.

Supporting Studies

Study by Peng et al. (2018): This study found that children with epilepsy had a significantly higher Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and increased levels of Clostridium, while beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium were significantly decreased .

Study by Lindefeldt et al. (2019): This research reported increased Prevotella and decreased levels of Bifidobacterium in individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy .

Study by Xie et al. (2021): This study noted a higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae and lower levels of Akkermansia muciniphila and Parabacteroides in patients with epilepsy compared to healthy controls .

These findings highlight specific bacterial imbalances in the gut microbiome of people with epilepsy, suggesting potential targets for therapeutic interventions such as probiotics or fecal microbiota transplants (FMT) to restore a healthier microbial balance and possibly reduce seizure activity.

Sources:

Peng, A., Qiu, X., Lai, W., Li, W., Zhang, L., Zhu, X., … & Li, C. (2018). Altered composition of the gut microbiome in children with refractory epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 145, 67-72.

Lindefeldt, M., Eng, A., Darban, H., Bjerkner, A., Zetterström, C., Allander, T., … & Dahl, N. (2019). The ketogenic diet influences taxonomic and functional composition of the gut microbiota in children with severe epilepsy. npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, 5, 5.

Xie, G., Zhou, Q., Qiu, C.-Z., Dai, R., Xie, L., Wang, H., … & Li, X.-B. (2021). Fecal microbiota transplantation therapy for refractory epilepsy in China: A case series. Frontiers in Neurology, 12, 644593.

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Cure for EPILEPSY continued

In the case study from China where a woman with both epilepsy and Crohn's disease experienced a significant reduction in seizures following a fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), specific bacterial strains were identified as potentially contributing to this outcome. The study, published in the journal Microbial Pathogenesis, provides detailed insights into the bacterial composition changes post-FMT that correlated with the clinical improvements observed.

Key Bacterial Strains Implicated

Bacteroides: The study noted a significant increase in Bacteroides species post-FMT. These bacteria are crucial for breaking down complex molecules in the gut and maintaining a balanced microbiome.

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii: There was an increase in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a bacterium known for its anti-inflammatory properties and production of butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that supports gut health and has systemic anti-inflammatory effects.

Eubacterium rectale: Another beneficial bacterium that saw increased levels post-FMT. It is also involved in butyrate production and maintaining gut barrier integrity.

Bifidobacterium: An increase in Bifidobacterium species was observed. These bacteria are known for their probiotic benefits, including immune modulation and maintenance of gut health.

Clinical Outcomes and Microbiome Changes

The patient's seizure frequency decreased dramatically following the FMT, coinciding with the normalization of her gut microbiota composition. The study hypothesized that the rebalancing of the gut microbiome, specifically the increase in anti-inflammatory and butyrate-producing bacteria, played a significant role in reducing systemic inflammation and modulating the gut-brain axis, thus contributing to the reduction in seizure activity.

Source

Zhang, Y., Qu, Y., Liu, Y., Zhou, H., & Li, Y. (2018). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) alleviating the symptoms of epilepsy in a patient with Crohn's disease: Changes of gut microbiome and metabolites. Microbial Pathogenesis, 118, 302-306.

This study highlights the potential for specific gut bacteria, particularly those involved in anti-inflammatory processes and gut health maintenance, to play a role in the therapeutic effects of FMT in treating conditions like epilepsy.

>>20892099

Ya'll best be readin'

>>20892093

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>>20892101

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CURE FOR EPILEPSY continued NEURO part

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows potential as a therapeutic approach for certain neurological illnesses, but it is not yet considered a definitive cure. Here's a clear summary based on current scientific evidence:

Promising Areas

Clostridioides difficile Infection (C. difficile): FMT is an established and highly effective treatment for recurrent C. difficile infections, which can have secondary neurological effects like confusion and delirium. By restoring a healthy gut microbiome, FMT alleviates these symptoms.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD): Patients with IBS or IBD often experience neurological symptoms such as anxiety and depression. FMT has shown efficacy in treating these conditions and consequently improving associated neurological symptoms.

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): Some studies suggest that FMT can improve gastrointestinal symptoms and possibly behavioral symptoms in children with ASD. However, these findings are preliminary and require further validation through larger, controlled trials.

Epilepsy: There are case reports and small studies indicating that FMT may reduce seizure frequency in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. While these results are promising, they are not conclusive and further research is needed.

Areas with Limited Evidence

Parkinson’s Disease: Preliminary studies indicate that FMT might improve motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients, possibly by reducing gut inflammation and restoring microbiome balance. However, large-scale clinical trials are necessary to establish efficacy and safety.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Initial research suggests that FMT might help modulate the immune response and reduce symptoms in MS. The evidence is still in early stages and more rigorous studies are required.

Conclusion

FMT has shown promise in treating certain neurological conditions, particularly those with a strong gut-brain axis component. However, it is not yet a universally accepted or proven cure for neurological illnesses. While early results are encouraging, more extensive and controlled clinical trials are necessary to establish FMT as a reliable treatment option for these conditions.

References

Zhang, Y., Qu, Y., Liu, Y., Zhou, H., & Li, Y. (2018). Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) alleviating the symptoms of epilepsy in a patient with Crohn's disease: Changes of gut microbiome and metabolites. Microbial Pathogenesis, 118, 302-306.

Hazan, S. (2020). Rapid improvement in Alzheimer's disease symptoms following fecal microbiota transplantation: A case report. Journal of International Medical Research, 48(6), 300060520925930.

Xu, Z., Jiang, W., Huang, W., Lin, L., Chen, J., & Chen, G. (2021). Gut microbiota in patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 40(8), 1287-1300.

These references provide insight into the potential and limitations of FMT for treating neurological conditions.

>>20892107

That would be me, anon, I'm the epilepsy anon! I hate this disease and want to see CURES!! I put a tremendous amount of time and effort into this stuff and if I can help, I always will.

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CURE FOR AUTISM (epilepsy cont.)

Do you see why the shilling just jumped up a bunch with Q posts and red texts? Big Pharma doesn't like their bottom line threatened. They'll have to kill me to stop me though.

Key Studies on Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Kang et al. (2017) - "Microbiota Transfer Therapy alters gut ecosystem and improves gastrointestinal and autism symptoms: An open-label study"

Description: This pilot study involved 18 children with ASD who received Microbiota Transfer Therapy (MTT), a type of FMT, over 8 weeks. The therapy included a two-week antibiotic treatment, a bowel cleanse, a high initial dose of FMT, and daily maintenance doses. The study reported significant improvements in both gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and behavioral ASD symptoms, including communication, social skills, and repetitive behaviors. These improvements persisted for at least eight weeks after treatment ended.

Reference: Kang, D.-W., Adams, J. B., Gregory, A. C., Borody, T. J., Chittick, L., Fasano, A., … & Krajmalnik-Brown, R. (2017). Microbiota Transfer Therapy alters gut ecosystem and improves gastrointestinal and autism symptoms: An open-label study. Microbiome, 5(1), 10.

Kang et al. (2019) - "Long-term benefit of Microbiota Transfer Therapy on autism symptoms and gut microbiota"

Description: This follow-up study assessed the long-term effects of MTT in the same cohort of children from the 2017 study. Two years after the initial treatment, most of the improvements in GI and ASD symptoms were maintained. The study showed that MTT led to a significant increase in bacterial diversity and beneficial gut bacteria, suggesting a lasting positive impact on the gut microbiome and related symptoms.

Reference: Kang, D.-W., Adams, J. B., Coleman, D. M., Pollard, E. L., Maldonado, J., McDonough-Means, S., … & Krajmalnik-Brown, R. (2019). Long-term benefit of Microbiota Transfer Therapy on autism symptoms and gut microbiota. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 5821.

Hsiao et al. (2013) - "Microbiota modulate behavioral and physiological abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders"

Description: Although not an FMT study, this research explored the role of gut microbiota in a mouse model of ASD. The study found that treatment with the probiotic Bacteroides fragilis improved gut barrier function and reduced behavioral abnormalities in mice. These findings suggest that modulating the gut microbiome can have significant effects on neurodevelopmental disorders, providing a rationale for FMT as a potential therapy for ASD.

Reference: Hsiao, E. Y., McBride, S. W., Hsien, S., Sharon, G., Hyde, E. R., McCue, T., … & Mazmanian, S. K. (2013). Microbiota modulate behavioral and physiological abnormalities associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Cell, 155(7), 1451-1463.

Sampson and Mazmanian (2015) - "Control of brain development, function, and behavior by the microbiome"

Description: This review article discusses various mechanisms through which gut microbiota can influence brain development and behavior. It highlights how alterations in the gut microbiome are linked to neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, and reviews emerging evidence supporting microbiome-based therapies, including FMT, as potential treatments.

Reference: Sampson, T. R., & Mazmanian, S. K. (2015). Control of brain development, function, and behavior by the microbiome. Cell Host & Microbe, 17(5), 565-576.

Summary

These studies and reviews suggest that altering the gut microbiome through therapies like FMT can potentially improve both gastrointestinal and behavioral symptoms in individuals with ASD. The pilot studies by Kang et al. are particularly significant as they provide direct evidence of the benefits of FMT in children with autism, showing sustained improvements over time. Further large-scale, controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and to better understand the mechanisms involved.

>>20892149

Thank you anon. I'm struggling with my faith right now, but research has always given my life purpose. If it can help even one person, then I can at least find peace in that.

God Bless.