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Bob Menendez was politically prosecuted
Flexibility has not been Mr. Menendez’s calling card. When Mr. Obama made negotiating a nuclear deal with Iran one of his top second-term foreign policy goals, Mr. Menendez pressed for new sanctions on Tehran that some Obama officials saw as intended to spoil the talks. Once the nuclear deal was completed, in 2015, Mr. Menendez vocally criticized and voted against it. And when Mr. Biden sought in 2021 and last year to return the United States to the agreement after President Donald J. Trump’s withdrawal, Mr. Menendez argued that Mr. Biden was making a dangerous mistake.
Most recently, Mr. Menendez has complicated Mr. Biden’s plans to win Sweden’s admission into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in what would be a strategic blow to President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia.
Mr. Menendez, who has maintained his innocence, said he would continue to speak out on a range of issues even though he has temporarily stepped down as his committee’s chairman.
“Unless Congress is going to be a rubber stamp for the domestic and foreign policy of any administration,” he said, “it is the constitutional right of Congress to act as a counterweight.”
Benjamin J. Rhodes, a former deputy national security adviser in the Obama White House, said that Mr. Menendez was “a pain on a bunch of issues,” though none more that Mr. Obama’s efforts to restore relations with Cuba. Mr. Menendez, the son of Cuban immigrants, has long advocated a hard U.S. line toward socialist dictators in the region.
“He has used the chairmanship of that committee as a venue for intimidation and retribution to raise the cost of doing anything he doesn’t like,” said Mr. Rhodes, pointing to the control Mr. Menendez has had over whether and when presidential nominees for diplomatic posts would receive hearings in his committee.
Mr. Rhodes and other Democrats are unhappy that Mr. Biden has maintained heavy sanctions placed on Venezuela and Cuba during the Trump administration.
(Mr. Menendez was unable to block Mr. Obama’s Cuba diplomacy or the Iran nuclear deal because he had temporarily relinquished his committee chairmanship during a prior federal corruption investigation. He returned to the position after the case ended in a mistrial.)
In the near term, Mr. Menendez’s troubles could ease Sweden’s bid to join NATO. Mr. Biden supports the move and all but two members — Turkey and Hungary — have approved it. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey complains that Sweden is too welcoming to Kurdish nationalists whom his government considers terrorists.
But Mr. Erdogan says he will green-light Sweden’s NATO membership if the United States agrees to sell his country new F-16 fighter jets along with upgrade kits for existing ones in Turkey’s air force. The issue is set to come up before the Turkish parliament when it reconvenes next month.
Mr. Menendez has long opposed the F-16 sale, citing Mr. Erdogan’s “violent” rule at home and “absolutely awful” policies abroad, including his aggressive use of American-bought warplanes in Cyprus and against U.S.-allied Kurdish forces in Syria. That position put Mr. Menendez out of step with some other Democratic members of his committee, who believe the F-16 deal should be approved if Mr. Erdogan agrees to Sweden’s NATO membership.
Mr. Erdogan cheered the senator’s demotion this week, telling reporters that “Menendez being out of the picture is an advantage” for Turkey.
Mr. Cardin may take a less stringent position. Speaking to reporters on Thursday, he called the issue “complicated.”
Even if Mr. Cardin adopts a softer line, obstacles remain: Mr. Menendez’s counterpart in the House, Representative Gregory W. Meeks, Democrat of New York, and the ranking member of the Foreign Affairs Committee, said Tuesday that he remained skeptical about the F-16 deal.
Mr. Menendez’s loss of control over his committee also creates possible new openings for the Biden administration in the realm of sanctions policy.
On Iran, Mr. Menendez has teamed up with Republicans to codify sanctions against Iran’s ballistic missile and drone development program before U.N. penalties for those programs expire next month. That effort could limit the Biden administration’s ability to negotiate with Tehran on its nuclear program and other matters at a time when the White House has sought to de-escalate tensions with the country.
While Mr. Cardin has expressed interest in seeing those sanctions extended, he has not signed on to that legislation.