Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 7:13 a.m. No.21338638   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>8640 >>8647

NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day

August 2, 2024

 

Mars Passing By

 

As Mars wanders through Earth's night, it passes about 5 degrees south of the Pleiades star cluster in this composite astrophoto. The skyview was constructed from a series of images captured over a run of 16 consecutive clear nights beginning on July 12. Mars' march across the field of view begins at the far right, the planet's ruddy hue. showing a nice contrast with the blue Pleiades stars. Moving much faster across the sky against the distant stars, the fourth planet from the Sun easily passes seventh planet Uranus, also moving across this field of view. Red planet Mars and the ice giant world were in close conjunction, about 1/2 degree apart, on July 16. Continuing its rapid eastward trek, Mars has now left the sister stars and outer planet behind though, passing north of red giant star Aldebaran. Mars will come within about 1/3 degree of Jupiter in planet Earth's sky on August 14.

 

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/astropix.html?

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 7:24 a.m. No.21338688   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>8946 >>9096 >>9200

NASA Shares its SpaceX Crew-10 Assignments for Space Station Mission

Aug 01, 2024

 

We now know who will fly on SpaceX's Crew-10 mission to the International Space Station (ISS) next year.

On Thursday (Aug. 1), NASA revealed the four astronauts of Crew-10, which will launch toward the ISS no earlier than February 2025.

NASA astronauts Anne McClain and Nichole Ayers will command and pilot the mission, respectively.

Japan's Takuya Onishi and Kirill Peskov, of the Russian space agency Roscosmos, will both serve as mission specialists.

 

As part of NASA’s SpaceX Crew-10 mission, four crew members are preparing to launch for a long-duration stay aboard the International Space Station.

NASA astronauts Commander Anne McClain and Pilot Nichole Ayers, JAXA (Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) astronaut Mission Specialist Takuya Onishi, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Mission Specialist Kirill Peskov will join astronauts at the orbiting laboratory no earlier than February 2025.

The flight is the 10th crew rotation with SpaceX to the station as part of NASA’s Commercial Crew Program.

While aboard, the international crew will conduct scientific investigations and technology demonstrations to help prepare humans for future missions and benefit people on Earth.

 

Selected by NASA as an astronaut in 2013, this will be McClain’s second spaceflight.

A colonel in the U.S. Army, she earned her bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, and holds master’s degrees in Aerospace Engineering, International Security, and Strategic Studies.

The Spokane, Washington, native was an instructor pilot in the OH-58D Kiowa Warrior helicopter and is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in Patuxent River, Maryland.

 

McClain has more than 2,300 flight hours in 24 rotary and fixed-wing aircraft, including more than 800 in combat, and was a member of the U.S. Women’s National Rugby Team.

On her first spaceflight, McClain spent 204 days as a flight engineer during Expeditions 58 and 59 and was the lead on two spacewalks, totaling 13 hours and 8 minutes.

Since then, she has served in various roles, including branch chief and space station assistant to the chief of NASA’s Astronaut Office.

 

Ayers is a major in the U.S. Air Force and the first member of NASA’s 2021 astronaut class named to a crew.

The Colorado native graduated from the Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs with a bachelor’s degree in Mathematics and a minor in Russian, where she was a member of the academy’s varsity volleyball team.

She later earned a master’s in Computational and Applied Mathematics from Rice University in Houston.

Ayers served as an instructor pilot and mission commander in the T-38 ADAIR and F-22 Raptor, leading multinational and multiservice missions worldwide.

She has more than 1,400 total flight hours, including more than 200 in combat.

 

With 113 days in space, this mission also will mark Onishi’s second trip to the space station.

After being selected by JAXA in 2009, he flew as a flight engineer for Expeditions 48 and 49 became the first Japanese astronaut to robotically capture the Cygnus spacecraft.

He also constructed a new experimental environment aboard Kibo, the station’s Japanese experiment module. Since his spaceflight, Onishi became certified as a JAXA flight director, leading the team responsible for operating Kibo from JAXA Mission Control in Tsukuba, Japan.

He holds a bachelor’s degree in Aeronautics and Astronautics from the University of Tokyo and was a pilot for All Nippon Airways, flying more than 3,700 flight hours in the Boeing 767.

 

NASA’s SpaceX Crew-10 mission also will be Peskov’s first spaceflight.

Before his selection as a cosmonaut in 2018, he earned a degree in Engineering from the Ulyanovsk Civil Aviation School and was a co-pilot on the Boeing 757 and 767 aircraft for airlines Nordwind and Ikar.

Assigned as a test-cosmonaut in 2020, he has additional experience in skydiving, zero-gravity training, scuba diving, and wilderness survival.

 

For more than two decades, people have lived and worked continuously aboard the International Space Station, advancing scientific knowledge and demonstrating new technologies, making research breakthroughs not possible on Earth.

The station is a critical testbed for NASA to understand and overcome the challenges of long-duration spaceflight and to expand commercial opportunities in low Earth orbit.

As commercial companies focus on providing human space transportation services and destinations as part of a robust low Earth orbit economy, NASA’s Artemis campaign is underway at the Moon, where the agency is preparing for future human exploration of Mars.

 

https://www.nasa.gov/news-release/nasa-shares-its-spacex-crew-10-assignments-for-space-station-mission/

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 7:36 a.m. No.21338719   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>8732

Saturn threw a comet out of the solar system at 6,700 mph. Here's how

August 2, 2024

 

Scientists have discovered a comet traveling one way out of the solar system after a close encounter with Saturn.

The comet, designated Comet A117uUD (A117uUD), was only discovered on June 14, 2024, by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS).

Yet, researchers were able to use 142 observations of the comet to "wind back" its orbit around the sun.

This revealed that A117uUD met up with Saturn, the second-largest planet in the solar system, famous for its bright and distinctive rings, in 2022 and was changed forever.

 

The meeting with the gas giant put the comet on a highly flattened or elliptical orbit that will fling it out into interstellar space beyond the influence of the sun.

Using models to fast forward the path of A117uUD, the team found that it will exit the solar system at a speed of around 6,710 miles per hour (10,800 km/h).

That is about four and a half times the top velocity of a Lockheed Martin F-16 jet fighter. This is only the second solar system comet that we have seen in the process of being launched out of the solar system.

The first was Comet C/1980 E1 (Bowell), which was put on a solar system escape path by an encounter with Jupiter on Dec. 9, 1980.

 

"Our results show that the case of comet A117uUD is similar to that of C/1980 E1 (Bowell), disfavoring an extrasolar origin for A117uUD," the team behind the research write in a paper published in the journal Research Notes of the AAS.

"The fact that two ejections after planetary encounter were observed in less than 45 years suggests that such events are relatively frequent."

It wasn't always clear that A117uUD was a solar system body destined to leave its home planetary system. When the team behind this discovery first analyzed the icy space rock, they thought its hyperbolic orbit could indicate that it was actually an intruder into our solar system.

 

The first solar system interloper discovered by humanity was the oddly cigar-shaped asteroid 1I/’Oumuamua (’Oumuamua), the moniker of which is a Hawaiian word that roughly translates as "messenger from afar arriving first."

When it was discovered in 2017, ’Oumuamua immediately stood out to astronomers because of its highly unusual shape and the fact that it had no coma (the halo that surrounds comets), or distinctive cometary tail despite appearing to be a strange comet/asteroid hybrid.

It was also accelerating away from the sun, something that led to the now dismissed (mostly) claim that this visitor from another planetary system could be an alien spacecraft.

 

The solution to these unique features was the roasting of ’Oumuamua by cosmic radiation before reaching the solar system, which caused hydrogen to be created and become trapped within its body.

That hydrogen was liberated and began to spray out of the space rock once ’Oumuamua reached the relative warmth of our planetary system, thus propelling it.

'Oumuamua is now out beyond the orbit of Neptune, passing through the Kuiper Belt, a ring of icy bodies near the outer edge of the solar system.

Not only is it beyond the reach of our telescopes, but the interstellar interloper will never come back toward Earth or the sun.

 

’Oumuamua isn't the only interstellar intruder we have seen enter the solar system, however. Comet 2I/Borisov (2I/Borisov) was the second confirmed interstellar body and the first confirmed interstellar comet found within the solar system.

2I/Borisov was discovered by Crimean amateur astronomer Gennady Borisov on Aug. 30, 2019.

This solar system invader really put A117uUD's speed to shame, racing through the solar system at a hair-raising 110,000 mph.

That's 150 times the speed of sound, and it leaves a Lockheed Martin F-16 in its dust trail, traveling 75 times as fast as the jet fighter's top speed.

 

Like 'Oumuamua, 2I/Borisov was just passing through, briefly fascinating astronomers and the general public alike, as it headed toward a solar system exit, never to return.

The encounter between A117uUD and Saturn impacted the comet's orbit to the extent that the team was unable to reconstruct it prior to the meet-up, but they did enough to assure themselves this wasn't a third extra-solar interloper.

Maybe one day, the Saturn-ejected comet A117uUD will thrill and entice the astronomers of some distant alien civilization, perhaps billions of years after its discoverers on Earth have vanished.

 

https://www.space.com/saturn-threw-comet-out-of-solar-system

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 7:49 a.m. No.21338768   🗄️.is 🔗kun

Telfer Mine, Western Australia

August 2, 2024

 

Landsat 9’s Operational Land Imager-2 captured this image of the open pits and ponds of Telfer Mine and the surrounding rust-colored soil on Dec. 15, 2023.

The soils have a reddish tint from the iron oxides that have accumulated from millions of years of weathering.

This part of Western Australia is known for being rich in natural resources, including petroleum, iron ore, copper, and certain precious metals.

Beneath the soils, veins of gold and silver run through sedimentary rocks, such as quartz sandstone and siltstone, that formed about 600 million years ago, when much of Australia was under water.

 

https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/telfer-mine-western-australia/

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 8:01 a.m. No.21338848   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>8946 >>9096 >>9200

China launches second secretive high orbit internet satellite

August 2, 2024

 

China launched the second of a new series of geostationary communications satellites Thursday, though its purposes remain unclear.

A Long March 3B rocket lifted off at 9:14 a.m. Eastern Aug. 1 (1314 UTC) from Xichang Satellite Launch Center, southwest China.

The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) declared the launch was a complete success.

 

CASC’s statement revealed the earlier undisclosed payload for the launch to be High orbit internet satellite-02 (Weixing Hulianwan Gaogui-02).

It follows the first such satellite, which was launched Feb. 29. CASC and Chinese media reports, as with the earlier launch, provided few details regarding the satellite and its uses.

The satellite was developed by CASC’s China Academy of Space Technology (CAST).

No images of the satellite, nor an indication of the satellite platform and its potential uses or customers, were provided.

 

China already operates a series of ChinaSat (Zhongxing) geostationary communications satellites.

ChinaSat-26, China’s first satellite providing more than 100 gigabits per second (Gbps), was launched in early 2023.

Various ChinaSat satellites provide services for civilian and military users. State media Xinhua reported in November 2023 that a first high orbit internet satellite had been completed.

It would be used to provide coverage for the entirety of China and key areas along the “Belt and Road” initiative.

 

“In the future, China Satcom will promote the construction of satellites with larger, single-satellite capacity.

It is expected that by the end of the “14th Five-Year Plan”, the total capacity of high-throughput communication satellites will exceed 500 Gbps,” Xinhua reported, referring to the period 2021-2025.

It is unclear if this report correlates with the new satellite series.

 

China meanwhile plans to launch a number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet constellations.

These include the state-led Guowang and the Shanghai-backed G60 Starlink constellations.

The new satellites could potentially be related to one of these projects.

 

China has launched a number of satellite Internet test spacecraft into LEO in recent years.

The first batches of satellites for the G60 constellation are expected to launch in August.

In May China also launched a first pair of communications satellites into medium Earth orbit.

These were also developed by a CASC subsidiary.

 

Thursday’s launch was China’s 34th of 2024. CASC stated in February that it aimed to launch around 70 times this year.

It added that commercial launch providers targeted roughly another 30 launches.

Missions include the successfully completed Chang’e-6 lunar far side sample return mission, crew and cargo missions to the Tiangong space station, a Sino-French space science satellite, LEO communications launches and more.

 

The first launch from a new commercial spaceport near Wenchang is expected in the second half of the year.

That launch could be the new Long March 12 rocket.

There will also be sea launches supported by facilities off Shandong province.

 

https://spacenews.com/china-launches-second-secretive-high-orbit-internet-satellite/

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 8:18 a.m. No.21338965   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>9096 >>9200

Pentagon advisory panel urges integration of commercial space tech for military use

August 1, 2024

 

A new report from a Pentagon advisory panel calls for increased adoption of commercial space technologies to bolster U.S. military capabilities.

The study, conducted by the Defense Science Board (DSB), a committee of civilian experts that advises senior Defense Department leadership, recommends a comprehensive approach to integrating commercial space capabilities into national security architectures.

The report was commissioned in November 2022 by Undersecretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Heidi Shyu and publicly released last month.

 

The DSB panel that wrote the study, chaired by industry executive Mandy Vaughn and retired U.S. Air Force general Ellen Pawlikowski, emphasized the rapidly evolving nature of the space sector and the need for the Department of Defense to leverage these advancements.

“Commercial capabilities are key to a resilient hybrid architecture,” the report states.

The DSB study also looked at the potential risks associated with adversary exploitation of these systems.

 

Recommendations from the DSB include:

Implementing an end-to-end framework for integrating commercial capabilities into national security space architectures

Incorporating evaluations of commercial space services into institutional processes

Incentivizing trust and building resilience among commercial providers

Developing capabilities to monitor and respond to adversary use of commercial space assets

Considering market maturity when making investment, regulation, or procurement decisions

This report follows two recent strategy documents released by the DoD and U.S. Space Force in April, both advocating for greater military adoption of commercial space technologie for communications, space surveillance, navigation and other essential services.

 

https://spacenews.com/pentagon-advisory-panel-urges-integration-of-commercial-space-tech-for-military-use/

https://4653168.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/4653168/DSB%20Commercial%20Space%20Final%20Report.pdf

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 8:30 a.m. No.21339028   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>9096 >>9200

SpaceX Starlink Mission

 

On Friday, August 2 at 1:01 a.m. ET, Falcon 9 launched 23 Starlink satellites to low-Earth orbit from Launch Complex 39A (LC-39A) at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

 

This was the 12th flight for the first stage booster supporting this mission, which previously launched Crew-6, O3b mPOWER, USSF-124, and eight Starlink missions.

 

https://www.spacex.com/launches/mission/?missionId=sl-10-6

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 9:03 a.m. No.21339149   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>9200

The Marshall Star for July 31, 2024

Jul 31, 2024

 

Contents

SLS Core Stage Rolls Inside Vehicle Assembly Building at Kennedy

Take 5 with Chris Calfee

Stars, Stripes, and STEM: Q&A with Former NASA Intern, Miss America

Thomas Brown Named Marshall’s Chief Engineer, Manager of Engineering Office

Marshall Deputy Director Rae Ann Meyer Honored During Huntsville City Football Club Space Night

NASA Supports Burst Test for Orbital Reef Commercial Space Station

DART Mission Sheds New Light on Target Binary Asteroid System

Fermi Finds New Feature in Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst Yet Seen

 

https://www.nasa.gov/centers-and-facilities/marshall/the-marshall-star-for-july-31-2024/

Anonymous ID: 5c8e26 Aug. 2, 2024, 9:09 a.m. No.21339168   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>9200 >>9222

NASA updates on progress of RAMPT program to advance DED

August 2, 2024

 

NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, has pioneered additive manufacturing to create stronger, lighter rocket parts.

Launched in 2020, the Rapid Analysis and Manufacturing Propulsion Technology, or RAMPT, project, led by co-principal investigator Paul Gradl, focuses on developing new alloys and manufacturing processes such as DED of large parts.

RAMPT has achieved significant milestones, including 12 hot-fire tests with 3D printed thrust chamber hardware and demonstrating 40% weight savings with composite materials.

The project has conducted over 500 test firings, utilizing new alloys and large-scale additive manufacturing processes.

A key achievement is the development of a full-scale version of the RS-25 engine, potentially reducing costs by up to 70%.

 

“Across NASA’s storied legacy of vehicle and hardware design, testing, and integration, our underlying strength is in our application of extremely durable and severe environment materials and innovative manufacturing for component design,” said Gradl.

“We strive to fully understand the microstructure and properties of every material and how they will ultimately be used in components before we make them available to industry for flight applications.”

Additive manufacturing via DED technology allows for complex and large components, with some parts now reaching 10 feet tall and 8 feet in diameter.

This technology enables engineers to print intricate designs as single pieces, dramatically reducing manufacturing time and improving reliability.

 

NASA’s public-private partnerships aim to make these advancements accessible to the commercial space industry.

For example, NASA’s GRCop42 alloy, refined over nearly 40 years, helped Relativity Space launch the first fully 3D printed rocket in 2023.

“Our primary goal with these higher-performance alloys is to prove them in a rocket engine test-fire environment and then hand them off to enable commercial providers to build hardware, fly launch vehicles, and foster a thriving space infrastructure with real scientific, social, and economic rewards,” Gradl said.

 

The RAMPT project not only develops new technologies but also advances simulation tools to assess materials at a microstructural level.

This approach significantly shortens the design-fail-fix cycle, enabling rapid prototyping and testing.

The RAMPT team received NASA’s 2024 Invention of The Year award for their contributions to deep space exploration.

The project is supported by various NASA centers, academic partners, and industry contractors, funded by NASA’s Game Changing Development Program within the Space Technology Mission Directorate.

 

https://www.voxelmatters.com/nasa-updates-on-progress-of-rampt-program-to-advance-ded/