Anonymous ID: 898541 Oct. 21, 2024, 9:46 a.m. No.21805308   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>5323 >>5330 >>5699 >>5892 >>5968

>>21805260

>cement barge

>>21805275

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-80618-7_1

 

Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Animal Bone Ash in Concrete at Elevated Temperatures

 

Conference paper

First Online: 16 July 2021

 

It is not uncommon to find inefficient waste disposal systems in third world countries like in Ethiopia where the human factor is crucial in generating wastes like animal bones. Animal bone ash constitutes high calcium, offering good binding characteristics to employ bone ash (BA) as a partial replacement of cement in concrete production. This study experimentally investigates use of animal bone ash (BA) as partial replacement of cement in structural concrete production at elevated temperature. Parameters studied in this study include elevated temperature intensity (300 °C, 600 °C and 900 °C), duration of temperature exposure (1 h and 3 h), cooling methods and various bone ash (BA) cement blending percentages (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). A total of 237 concrete cylindrical test specimens was casted and tested to study behavior of concrete with cement replaced by bone ash (BA) at elevated temperatures. Experimental test results showed that weight, tensile and compressive strengths of bone ash blended cement concrete reduced with an increase in temperature and their respective test values depends on choice of cooling methods. Fast cooling exhibited an additional strength loss of 35% as compared to natural air cooling. Also, concrete residual compressive strength decreases sharply beyond 10% replacement of cement with bone ash (BA). This implies optimum threshold value of bone ash (BA) replacement of cement in concrete at elevated temperature is 10%.

Anonymous ID: 898541 Oct. 21, 2024, 10:03 a.m. No.21805403   🗄️.is 🔗kun

 

https://www.instagram.com/reel/DBE8Wg2MtQO

 

This is probably from the early 2000s if not earlier (Clarkson looks much younger here than present day). It's tricky because the UK/euro crowd seem to get info about things in the US that the American general population isn't aware of.

 

Anecdotally, Anon had never heard of the Council of Foreign Relations until 2003, when I was in Europe watching the BBC and they had some news show and someone from the CFR weighed in on a story.