Problems arise in logic when you make mistakes – these are called fallacies.
You’ll need to be at least somewhat aware of basic fallacies if you want to avoid making big mistakes in your cases.
Just for a few examples, the fallacy of “begging the question” makes an argument that just restates the point just make: “Asbestos is carcinogenic because it causes cancer.”
The above example is also a fallacy of “circular reasoning.” These rely on incomplete or self-referential definitions.
Here’s another: “A good person is someone who does good things. I do good things, so I’m a good person.”
One big fallacy for detectives is the fallacy of the ++false cause++ Here, you mistake correlation for causation. “The murder happened after Halley’s Comet appeared. Therefore, the comet caused the murder.”