Κάρπαθος
Κρήτη
Κύπρος
The Greco-Romans called this people the Carpi or Carpiani.[4] Probably the earliest mention of them, under the name Καρπιανοί (Carpiani in Latin) is in the Geographia of the 2nd-century Greek geographer Ptolemy, composed c. AD 140.[5][6]
Carpiani on a 1467 map based on Ptolemy's Geographia
The name Carpi or Carpiani may derive from the same root as the name of the Carpathian mountain range that they occupied, also first mentioned by Ptolemy under the name Καρπάτης - Karpátēs.[7] The root may be the putative Proto-Indo-European word *ker/sker, meaning "peak" or "cliff" (cf. Lithuanian karpyti "mountain peaks looking like a saw", Albanian karpë "rock", Romanian (ş)carpă "precipice", Sanskrit kar "cut", and Latin scarpa, cfr. Italian scarpata, English escarpment).[8][9] Scholars who support this derivation are divided between those who believe the Carpi gave their name to the mountain range (i.e. the name means "mountains of the Carpi")[10][11] and those who claim the reverse. In the latter case, Carpiani could mean simply "people of the Carpathians".[7] But the similarity between the two names may be coincidence, and they may derive from different roots. For example, it has been suggested that the name may derive from the Slavic root-word krepu meaning "strong" or "brave".[12]
However, he admits that the pottery also shows Roman and Sarmatian influence.
his name meant "armed with throwing darts and arrows," and is cognate with the Indic Sanskrit term śárumant (शरुमन्त्),[15] which makes it semantically similar to the endonym of the Scythians, [*Skuδatā] Error: {{Transliteration}}: transliteration text not Latin script (pos 5) (help), meaning "archers."[15]
The later, Middle Iranic, form of Saᵘrumata was Sōrmata or Sōrumata, of which the later form, Sūrmata or *Sūrumata, was recorded in ancient Greek as Syrmatai (Συρμαται; Latin: Syrmatae).[16]
The Sanskrit word "Sharma" is derived from the term "ṣárman," which carries meanings of 'joy,' 'comfort,' and 'happiness.'[citation needed]
People
Notable people with the surname Sharma, Sarma or Sarmah who may or may not belong to Brahmin caste are as follows:
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