I have been approached, on Twitter, at least 8 times this year. I keep blocking. Then, this guy jumps into a thread I’m on, looks to be a Patriot (posts and all) then starts randomly talking about the Illuminati and how great the Masons are. My cousins was in the Masons. He quit due to what he learned. He died in ONE day from an extremely rare brain tumor. So I tell this guy I’m not interested and he starts pushing me more and more… BLOCK. THAT WAS TWO DAYS AGO. They are trying hard to pick up Followers.
Good to know. Thanks.
https://harvardmuslimalumni.org/sites/default/files/HUMA%20IF%20Conference%20-%20Program.pdf
https:// harvardmuslimalumni.org/conferences/islamic-finance-conference-2016
https:// harvardmuslimalumni.org/sites/default/files/HUMA%20IF%20Conference%20-%20Program.pdf
https://al-awanpk.blogspot.com/2011/11/awan-alvi-history-of-pakistan.html
AWAN / ALVI HISTORY OF PAKISTAN | AL-AWAN
Monday, April 23, 2018
3:30 PM
Clipped from: https://al-awanpk.blogspot.com/2011/11/awan-alvi-history-of-pakistan.html
Awan (Urdu: , Punjabi Gurmukhi ਆਵਾਨ), is a South Asian Zamindar tribe, putatively of Arab origin,[1] living predominantly in northern, central, and western parts of Punjab, Pakistan. The Awans subscribe to the belief that they are the descendants of the fourth Caliph, Ali, and as such, a number adopt the title, Alvi.
Origins
There are different theories pertaining to the origin of the Awans:
[edit] Arab origin
Most Awans maintain they are descended from an individual named Qutb Shah, who originally resided in Herat, served in the army of Mahmud of Ghazni, and was a Hashemite descendant of the Prophet Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Ali (but by a wife other than the Prophet's daughter, Fatimah[2]). As Sir Lepel Henry Griffin states: "All branches of the tribe are unanimous in stating that they originally came from the neighbourhood of Ghazni to India, and all trace their genealogy to Hasrat Ali the son-in-law of the Prophet. Kutab Shah, who came from Ghazni with Sultan Mahmud, was the common ancestor of the Awans."[3] It is asserted that Qutb Shah and six of his sons accompanied and assisted Mahmud in his early eleventh century conquests of what today forms parts of Afghanistan, Pakistan and Northern India. It is claimed that in recognition of their services and valour, Mahmud bestowed upon Qutb Shah and his sons (who, according to tribal traditions, settled primarily in the Salt Range) the title of Awan, meaning "helper".[4] Tribal history holds that Qutb Shah and his sons married local women who converted to Islam from Hinduism. Qutb Shah’s sons are said to have settled in different regions of the Punjab and to a lesser extent, what now constitutes parts of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa; Gauhar Shah or Gorrara, settled near Sakesar, Kalan Shah or Kalgan, settled in Kalabagh, Chauhan colonized the hills close to the Indus, Mohammad Shah or Khokhar, settled by the Chenab, and Tori and Jhajh settled in Tirah.[5] Their descendants not only came to heavily populate these regions, but a number of Awan sub-clans that trace their origins to these six individuals, give their names to various localities such as Golera in Rawalpindi, Khewra in Jhelum, Banjara in Sialkot, Jand in Attock, and Dhudial in Chakwal. Some of Qutb Shah’s sons are supposed to have assumed names that reflected the Hindu heritage of their mothers and the Awan sub-clans that trace their origins to these particular individuals, bear the names of their eponyms.[6]
The Awans have a strong martial tradition[14] and are renowned for their bravery. They were prominent in the armies of the Slave Dynasty and the Khilji dynasty during the Delhi Sultanate period. Awans also held prominent military positions during the Mughal era. According to Denzil Ibbetson, the Awans may well have accompanied the forces of Babur, and the Awans of Jalandhar, who claimed to have shifted from the Salt Range at the behest of one of the early Emperors of Delhi, were particularly notable for being in the imperial service at Delhi.[10] The Awans were amongst those the British considered to be "martial races"[15] and as such, formed an important part of the British Indian Army, serving with distinction during World Wars I and II. In particular, the Awans formed part of the core Muslim group recruited by the British during the First and Second World Wars.[16] Contemporary historians, namely Professor Ian Talbot,[16] and Professor Tan Tai Yong,[17] have authored works that cite the Awans (amongst other tribes) as being looked upon as a martial race by not only the British, but neighbouring tribes as well. With reference to the British Raj's recruitment policies in the Punjab, vis-à-vis the British Indian Army, Tan Tai Yong remarks: "The choice of Muslims was not merely one of physical suitability. As in the case of the Sikhs, recruiting authorities showed a clear bias in favour of the dominant landowning tribes of the region, and recruitment of Punjabi Muslims was limited to those who belonged to tribes of high social standing or reputation - the 'blood proud' and once politically dominant aristocracy of the tract. Consequentially, socially dominant Muslim tribes such as the Gakkhars, Janjuas and Awans, and a few Rajput tribes, concentrated in the Rawalpindi and Jhelum districts in the northern Salt Range tract in the Punjab, accounted for more than ninety per cent of Punjabi Muslim recruits."[17] The Pakistani military has always heavily recruited Awans and as is consistent with the past, the tribe continues to produce a considerable number of recruits who occupy many of the senior-most ranks of the Pakistani Army. According to Philip Edward Jones: "The Awan Tribe is perhaps the most heavily recruited tribe for the Pakistan Army."[18]