https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096758682500195X
https://archive.is/289mT
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in cerebral Arteries: Implications for hemorrhagic stroke Post-mRNA vaccination
Highlights
• Spike protein expression was detected in 43.8% of vaccinated patients.
• SARS-CoV-2 spike protein persists in cerebral arteries up to 17 months post-vaccination.
• Spike protein was expressed in the intima of the cerebral arteries.
• In situ hybridization confirmed vaccine- and virus-derived spike protein mRNA.
• Findings highlight concerns about mRNA vaccine biodistribution and long-term safety.
Abstract:
Results
Spike protein expression was detected in 43.8 % of vaccinated patients, predominantly localized to the intima of cerebral arteries, even up to 17 months post-vaccination.
While no active inflammatory changes were identified, infiltration of CD4-, CD8- and CD68- positive cells was observed in the spike protein positive vessels.
In situ hybridization confirmed the presence of both vaccine-derived mRNA and SARS-CoV-2 virus-derived mRNA, which encode the spike protein, in select cases.
Notably, spike protein positivity was observed exclusively in female patients (P = 0.015).
None of the cases showed nucleocapsid protein positivity, supporting the absence of active viral infection.
Conclusion
Although the possibility of spike protein expression due to asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection cannot be entirely excluded, this study demonstrated prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in the cerebral arteries following mRNA vaccination.
Additionally, some inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in spike-positive vessels.
These findings raise significant concerns regarding the biodistribution of lipid nanoparticle-based vaccines and their long-term safety.
Global replication studies are urgently required to validate these findings and ensure comprehensive safety evaluations of mRNA vaccines.