>>23206632
Here's a category-by-category breakdown of the estimated ~2,000 documents President Joe Biden signed between 2021 and 2025:
🏛️ 1. Executive Orders
Count: 162
Description: Official directives with the force of law, often on domestic or federal agency matters.
✅ Signature required on every one.
📝 2. Presidential Memoranda & Notices
Presidential Memoranda: ~100–240
Presidential Notices: ~150
Other Directives (e.g., National Security Memoranda): ~50+
✅ Each requires a formal signature.
Subtotal: ~300–450
📜 3. Presidential Proclamations
Count: ~745
Description: Used for ceremonial recognitions (e.g., holidays, awareness months) and substantive legal matters (e.g., tariffs, emergencies).
✅ All signed by hand or digital signature.
🏛️ 4. Legislation Signed into Law
Estimated Bills: ~300–400
Major laws: American Rescue Plan, Infrastructure Act, CHIPS, IRA, etc.
✅ Each law signed with the “ceremonial pen” tradition.
✉️ 5. Other Official Documents
Type Est. Count Description
Veto Messages ~10 Requires signature when sent to Congress
Commissions/Appointments ~50–100 Judicial, military, ambassadorial appointments
Pardons & Clemency Docs ~5–10 Signed individually
Ceremonial Letters ~50+ Congratulatory letters, thank-yous, etc.
Presidential Certifications ~20–30 Required under certain laws
National Emergency Renewals ~20 Each with formal signature
Subtotal: ~150–200+
📊 Estimated Total Signatures:
Category Estimated Count
Executive Orders 162
Memoranda, Notices, NSMs ~350
Proclamations ~745
Legislation ~350
Other Signed Docs ~200
✅ Total Estimate ~1,800–1,900
🖊️ Rounded Total ~2,000