Here are the main alternative laws the president could use (or has used in the past) to impose tariffs:

Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962

Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974

Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974

Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930

These alternatives are more constrained than IEEPA—often requiring investigations, findings, consultations, time limits, or congressional involvement—which could slow implementation or invite challenges. The administration has indicated it plans to pivot to these statutes to reimpose similar measures where possible. Some existing tariffs (e.g., on steel/aluminum under Section 232) were not impacted by this decision.