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John C. Frémont, 1856 Republican Party presidential nominee and commander of the Department of the West, issues a proclamation emancipating all Missouri slaves held by rebels or Southern sympathizers. Frémont also declares martial law throughout the state.
>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9mont_Emancipation
President Lincoln learned of Frémont's proclamation by reading it in the newspaper.[23] Disturbed by Frémont's actions, Lincoln felt that emancipation was "not within the range of military law or necessity" and that such powers rested only with the elected federal government.[