Anonymous ID: c970a5 April 16, 2026, 12:50 a.m. No.24505775   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>5781 >>5785

>>24505756

>>24505677

>>24505752

Shah is a Persian royal title meaning "king" or "sovereign," historically used for monarchs of Iran and other Persianate societies including the Ottoman Empire, the Mughal Empire, and various Afghan dynasties

 

 

 

The Saka[a] were a group of nomadic Eastern Iranian peoples who lived in the Eurasian Steppe and the Tarim Basin from the 9th century BC to the 5th century AD.[7][8] The Saka were closely related to the Scythians, and both groups formed parts of the wider Scythian cultures.[9] However, both groups have differing specific geographical and cultural traits.[8][10] The Saka languages formed part of the Scythian phylum, a branch of the Eastern Iranian languages.

 

Sakas

Saka is located in Continental AsiaSAKASPazyryk

cultureKhotanUpper

XiajiadianUyuk

cultureTagar

cultureMassagetaeKangjuSubeshi

cultureOrdosDianMajia-

yuanSAKASSargat

cultureSauromatian

cultureItkul

cultureTasmola

cultureDahaeIndo-

ScythiansWestern

SatrapsNorthern

Satraps

Map of the Saka realm (

) and main Saka polities throughout their history.[1][2][3][4] The affiliation of the easternmost Scythoïd cultures (Subeshi culture, Ordos culture, Majiayuan, Upper Xiajiadian or Dian) remains uncertain.

Geographical range

Central Asia, South Siberia, South Asia

Dates

9th century BC to 5th century AD

Preceded by

Andronovo culture, Seima-Turbino phenomenon, Karakol culture, Karasuk culture, Deer stones culture

Followed by

Xiongnu, Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire

 

Cataphract-style parade-armour of a Saka royal, also known as "The Golden Warrior", from the Issyk kurgan, a historical burial site near Almaty, Kazakhstan, c. 400–200 BC.[5][6]

Derived from the earlier Andronovo, Sintashta and Srubnaya cultures, the Saka were later influenced by the Bactria-Margiana Archaeological Culture and Iron-Age East Asian genetic influx.[11][12] The ancient Persians, ancient Greeks, and ancient Babylonians respectively used the names "Saka", "Scythian", and "Cimmerian" for all the steppe nomads. However, the name "Saka" is used specifically for the ancient nomads of the eastern steppe, while "Scythian" is used for the related group of nomads living in the western steppe.[8][13][14]

 

Prominent archaeological remains of the Sakas include Arzhan,[15] Tunnug,[16] the Pazyryk burials,[17] the Issyk kurgan, Saka Kurgan tombs,[18] the Barrows of Tasmola[19] and possibly Tillya Tepe. In the 2nd century BC, many Sakas were driven by the Yuezhi from the steppe into Sogdia and Bactria and then into the northwest of the Indian subcontinent, where they became known as the Indo-Scythians.[20][21][22] Other Sakas invaded the Parthian Empire, eventually settling in Sistan, while others may have migrated to the Dian Kingdom in Yunnan, China. In the Tarim Basin and Taklamakan Desert of today's Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, they settled in Khotan, Yarkand, Kashgar and other places.[23]

Anonymous ID: c970a5 April 16, 2026, 12:54 a.m. No.24505781   🗄️.is 🔗kun   >>5785

>>24505775

Bodhidharma is traditionally depicted in Chan texts as "The Blue-Eyed Barbarian" with red hair or a red beard and green or blue eyes, often described as a non-Chinese, ill-tempered figure with a large nose and wide eyes. While some traditions, particularly the Japanese, regard him as a red-haired Persian, other accounts identify him as a South Indian (specifically a Tamil prince or the third son of a Pallava king) or a Central Asian from the Western Regions. These physical descriptions appear in historical texts and art, though no real photographs or skeletal remains exist to verify these traits, and the accounts are layered with legend and unreliable details.

Anonymous ID: c970a5 April 16, 2026, 12:57 a.m. No.24505785   🗄️.is 🔗kun

>>24505775

Bodhidharma is traditionally depicted in Chan texts as "The Blue-Eyed Barbarian" with red hair or a red beard and green or blue eyes, often described as a non-Chinese, ill-tempered figure with a large nose and wide eyes. While some traditions, particularly the Japanese, regard him as a red-haired Persian, other accounts identify him as a South Indian (specifically a Tamil prince or the third son of a Pallava king) or a Central Asian from the Western Regions. These physical descriptions appear in historical texts and art, though no real photographs or skeletal remains exist to verify these traits, and the accounts are layered with legend and unreliable details.

>>24505781