“In hindsight, it’s clear that this leak caused great damage. Snowden hindered the NSA’s ability to spy on Chinese computer networks, which helps companies such as Anthem and Marriott learn of digital intrusions. At the very least, this kind of quiet surveillance helps with attribution of hacks after the fact, which acts as a deterrence. Is it any wonder that China’s megahacks began a year after Snowden landed in Hong Kong?”

https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2018-12-13/marriott-hack-china-is-greatest-threat-to-americans-privacy