"Game Theory" John Forbes Nash Jr

Basically it defines how individuals in a group should act to win an out come that is best for the Whole Group and the Individuals….

"Cooperative games are often analysed through the framework of cooperative game theory, which focuses on predicting which coalitions will form, the joint actions that groups take and the resulting collective payoffs. It is opposed to the traditional non-cooperative game theory which focuses on predicting individual players' actions and payoffs and analyzing Nash equilibria"