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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5552930/

Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral effects of three essential oil blends

Blend AB1 was also effective against H1N1 and HSV1 viruses. With this dual activity, against H1N1 and against S. aureus and S. pneumoniae notably, AB1 may be interesting to treat influenza and postinfluenza bacterial pneumonia infections. These blends could be very useful in clinical practice to combat common infections including those caused by microorganisms resistant to antimicrobial drugs.

Blends AB1 and AB2 were composed of equal parts (3.52% each) of Eucalyptus globulus CT cineol (leaf) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum CT cinnamaldehyde (bark), 3.00% of Rosmarinus officinalis CT cineol (leaf), 1.04% of Daucus carota CT carotol (seed), and 88.90% of Camelina sativa oil (seed).

Blend AB1 significantly reduced viral units for H1N1 and HSV1. For H1N1, a reduction greater than 99% (>2 log) was observed with 1% AB1 with a 60‐min contact time and a reduction greater than 99.99% (>4 log) with 80% and 40% AB1 after 60 min. For HSV1, a reduction greater than 99% was obtained with 1% and 40% AB1 after 60‐min contact time and a 99.99% reduction at 80% AB1 for 60 min. These results are consistent with previous work, which showed that E. globulus and C. zeylanicum EOs had antiviral activity on H1N1 and HSV1 (Astani et al., 2010; Vimalanathan & Hudson, 2014). For example, eucalyptus EO and its compounds 1,8 cineole and β‐caryophyllene exhibit an anti‐HSV1 activity by directly inactivating free‐virus particles and might interfere with virion envelope structures required for entry into host cells (Astani, Reichling, & Schnitzler, 2011; Astani et al., 2010). Commonly used antiviral medication (e.g., acyclovir and ganciclovir) inhibit DNA polymerases. Identifying substances with viral targets other than DNA polymerases are of particular interest to avoid resistance.