Among historical studies universal history was the subject almost

exclusively taught in the Austrian schools, for of specific Austrian

history there was only very little. The fate of this State was closely

bound up with the existence and development of Germany as a whole; so a

division of history into German history and Austrian history would be

practically inconceivable. And indeed it was only when the German people

came to be divided between two States that this division of German

history began to take place.

The insignia (Note 4) of a former imperial sovereignty which were still

preserved in Vienna appeared to act as magical relics rather than as the

visible guarantee of an everlasting bond of union.

[Note 4. When Francis II had laid down his title as Emperor of the Holy

Roman Empireof the German Nation, which he did at the command of Napoleon,

the Crownand Mace, as the Imperial Insignia, were kept in Vienna. After

the German Empire was refounded, in 1871, under William I, there were many

demands tohave the Insignia transferred to Berlin. But these went

unheeded. Hitler had them brought to Germany after the Austrian Anschluss

and displayed at Nuremberg during the Party Congress in September 1938.]