Post 457
Celebrate this special day in a BIG way
Found a couple of interesting Christmas items in the countries history. There were a couple more but I stuck with these two. The first everyone knows. The second is interesting mentioning the role Speed played in amnesty after the civil war.
https://www.businessinsider.com/christmas-day-military-battles-2017-12#1776-george-washington-crosses-the-delaware-river-1
1776 — George Washington crosses the Delaware
Washington led his troops across a 300-yard stretch of the Delaware River in the dead of night between December 25 and 26, 1776.
The surprise move would put Washington's men a 19-mile march away from a garrison of Hessians (German mercenaries hired by the British to help them in their effort to retain a hold on the rebelling colonies) that the Continental Army took completely by surprise.
The Hessians' quick surrender at the Battle of Trenton would be the first of two rebel victories in New Jersey (the other being the Battle of Princeton a week later) as the Continental Army regained control of the colony. This effectively reversed the British drive that had pushed the rebels across New Jersey in the previous months. The daring crossing of the Delaware ended up being one of the turning points of the war.
1868 — US President Andrew Johnson pardons former Confederate soldiers
Andrew Johnson pardons rebels at white house
President Andrew Johnson Pardoning Rebels at the White House en.wikipedia.org
Nearly a century later, on Christmas Day of 1868, US president Andrew Johnson extended a full pardon and amnesty "to all and to every person who, directly or indirectly, participated in the late insurrection or rebellion."
The internecine war had ended more than three years earlier, taking more American lives than any other conflict in history. But Union General Ulysses S. Grant's scorched earth tactics late in the war left much of the South in ruins, and the country emerged from the war in a state of deep division.
Johnson had been a Tennessee congressman, senator, and governor before joining Abraham Lincoln's presidential ticket. He was tipped in part to attract southern votes. Yet at war's end he seemed bent on imposing harsh conditions on the defeated half of the country.
The day after being sworn in as the nation's president, he asserted that "treason must be made infamous, and traitors must be impoverished."
But according to the History Department at North Carolina State University, Attorney General James Speed tempered Johnson's punitive intentions: "Mercy must be largely extended. Some of the great leaders and offenders only must be made to feel the extreme rigor of the law," Speed advised.
Southerners enjoyed only conditional and limited pardoning (depending on their station during the war) — at least until this blanket amnesty on "the 25th day of December, A. D. 1868."