oh the challenge of true FREEDOM
Scares the shit out of people, tho they would say otherwise
If you do not want to be - mad offended disgusted or disturbed
best not to live in a truly free country
biden hires protesters
Tobacco companies produce poison vapes
Schools write fraudulent history books
Banks loot themselves creatively on paper
Terrorism provides jobs for those in on it
nothing to see hear
ACTIVATED different process for ultimate ionic charcoal
MEDICINAL ACTIVATED CHARCOAL FOR CHEMICAL DETOX
Technical Characteristic:
The surface area for activated carbons range from 500 m² to1500 m² or more per gram. If one could unfold all the microscopic surfaces in one teaspoon of activated carbon it could add up to the size of a football field.
Coconut Activated Charcoal - 50,000 magnificationUnder an electron microscope (50,000 magnification), the high surface-area structures of activated carbon are more obvious. Individual particles are intensely convoluted with micro porosity in the range of a few nanometers. These microscopic pores are divinely engineered to offer binding sites for thousands of different chemicals.
Physically, activated carbon binds materials by electrostatic Van der Waals (intermolecular) forces.
There are however chemicals that do not bind well to activated carbon including alcohols, glycols, ammonia, strong acids and bases, metals and most inorganics such as lithium, sodium, iron, lead, arsenic, fluorine, and boric acid. Activated carbon does adsorb iodine very well and in fact the iodine number (mg/g) is used as an indication of total surface area.
Since activated carbon does not adsorb inorganic compounds well activated carbons are sometimes “sensitized” with various chemicals to improve the adsorptive capacity for some inorganic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, formaldehyde, radioisotopes, and mercury. This function is called chemisorption.
Classifications:
Activated Carbons (AC) are most commonly divided into three categories based on their physical characteristics.
Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC)
Traditionally, activated carbons are made into powders or fine granules with an average diameter between .15 and .25 mm. PAC is made up of crushed or ground carbon particles, 95–100% of which will pass through a 50 to 80 mesh sieve.
Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)
Granular activated carbon is relatively larger in particle size compared to powdered activated carbon. Because GAC has a smaller external surface area than PAC it is often wrongly assumed that GAC has less total surface area. It must be remembered that the surface area of activated carbon is by far internal and not external.
Extruded Activated Carbon (EAC)
Extruded or Pellet AC consist of extruded and cylindrical shaped activated carbon with diameters from 0.8 to 45 mm. These are typically used for air/gas applications because there is a low pressure drop as the air/gas moves through, and it has a high mechanical strength and low dust content.
Impregnated Activated Carbon (IAC)
These are porous activated carbons that are impregnated with inorganic elements such as iodine, silver, or cations such as Al, Mn, Zn, Fe, Li, and Ca. These are used to treat flu gases as in coal-fired generation plants or in air pollution control especially in museums and galleries. Due to its antimicrobial/antiseptic properties, silver impregnanted activated carbon is used as an adsorbent in earth-bound water purifications systems and in the orbiting space station. IAC is also used for the adsorption of mercaptans and H2S (often found in wines). 50%+ by weight adsorption of H2S has been reported.
Polymers Coated Activated Carbon (PCAC)
Activated carbons can be coated with a biologically compatible polymer to give a smooth and permeable coat that does not block the pores. The resulting PCAC is useful for hemoperfusion. In AC hemoperfusion large volumes of blood are passed over/through a bed of GAC or PCAC in order to remove toxic substances from the blood.
Activated Carbon Cloth (ACC)
Activated carbon is also available as cloths and fibers. ACC is used by the military for Nuclear Biological Chemical (NBC) protective clothing, socks and gloves. It is also used in wound dressings, protective masks, for the protection of artifacts from tarnish and degradation, oil mist filters for compressors, gas sensors, electrodes, water purification, and more.
Biochar Activated Charcoal (BAC)
Biochar is the most recent addition to the activated carbon family. Biochar carbons are those produced by a pyrolysis process with extremely low carbon emissions, a carbonization process that takes raw products straight through to the activation stage in less than an hour depending on the temperature range.
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