Contrary to what many people believe the US does have a "quasi-socialist" healthcare system and it didn't start with ACA (Obamacare)
Since the passage of the SSA and creation of CMS (medicare), CMS is the controller of all things medical. Prior to building a new hospital, a certificate of medical necessity from CMS is required, and many times they say NO.
If an MRI or a home health agency is desired, again a certificate of medical necessity is required. They set the "standard" for reimbursement and for the fee schedules of the different "regions" as the "usual and customary fee".
There reimbursement for services– what is deemed experimental (not covered) and what is not experimental varies by region. In Maryland Baltimore area we had been doing Gamma Knife/Cyberknife treatment successfully for lung, brain, and prostate tumors for about 10 yrs in 2008, but in a practice in Frederick these were "experimental" and not covered by Medicare. We would simply send pts to Baltimore or DC so they would be covered.