>>8672364
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps
=Judge Advocate General ( JAG ) 1 =
Court-martial
The forum through which criminal cases are tried in the United States' armed forces is the court-martial. This term also applies to the panel of military officers selected to serve as the finders of fact or "jury". In other words, they fulfil the role of a civilian jury in trying criminal cases. The Uniform Code of Military Justice outlines three distinct types of courts-martial.
General court-martial
` Jurisdiction over crimes committed by any person, including civilians, covered by military law at the time the crime was committed
` Forum for most serious charges such as sexual assault, drug distribution, or desertion
` Officers detailed to the court are defense counsel, trial counsel (prosecutor) and military judge
` A court martial panel (or "jury") comprises five or more service members, at least one-third of whom are enlisted if requested by an enlisted accused
` Accused service member may request trial by judge alone in lieu of trial by a panel of members, except where the death penalty may be adjudged
` Maximum sentence that a general court-martial can impose is the maximum specified in the specific UCMJ Article (crime) the accused is convicted of, including death
Special court-martial
`Jurisdiction over crimes committed by any person, including civilians, covered by military law at the time the crime was committed
` Forum for intermediate offenses such as battery, assault, larceny (theft), minor drug-related offenses, unauthorized absence, disrespect, disobedience, and similar crimes
` Officers detailed to the court are defense counsel, trial counsel (prosecutor), and military judge
` Special court-martial panel comprises three or more members, at least one third of whom are enlisted if requested by an enlisted accused
` Accused service member may request trial by judge alone in lieu of trial by a panel of members
` Regardless of what crime is charged at a special court-martial, the maximum sentence that can be adjudged is 12 months' confinement, forfeiture of two-thirds pay for 12 months, reduction in rank, bad conduct discharge, and a fine
` A special court-martial cannot dismiss an officer
Summary court-martial
` Jurisdiction over crimes committed by enlisted personnel only
` Forum for minor offenses such as petty theft
` Summary court-martial comprises a single officer whose pay grade should not be below O-3
` Maximum sentence is one month's confinement, forfeiture of two-thirds pay, reduction in rank to E-1
` Summary courts-martial may not adjudge punishments of confinement with hard labor or reduction except the next inferior pay grade for accused who are in the pay grade of E-5 or greater
` Can be refused by the accused, in which case the matter is normally referred to a special court-martial