Anonymous ID: 7b4fb1 Aug. 5, 2020, 3:02 a.m. No.10187478   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>7492 >>7679 >>7921 >>7955 >>7974

>>10187435

"The ammonium nitrate is like the engine behind the explosion, but the engine needs fuel," Goodpaster told Life's Little Mysteries. In fact, bombs need two components beside the fertilizer: a detonator and a fuel. The fertilizer must be mixed with a fuel in an exact ratio, and the detonator must be able to generate sufficient energy, he said.

 

How bombs explode

 

The first thing that happens during a fertilizer bomb blast is the explosion of the detonator. It contains a small amount of an explosive compound in it, and when it discharges, it creates what experts call a detonation wave. This detonation wave radiates outward from the detonator at a speed of about 2 to 3 miles per second through the mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel, Goodpaster said.

 

The energy of the detonation wave causes the ammonium nitrate in the fertilizer to vaporize โ€“ the solid fertilizer becomes a gas in an instant. The ammonium and nitrate molecules break down, and a large amount of oxygen gas is suddenly formed.

 

The gas released from the decomposing fertilizer is what drives the explosion. The rapid release of oxygen, along with the energy from the detonation wave, ignites the fuel. When the liquid fuel ignites, it rapidly combusts, and even more gas is released.

 

"All that gas is generated in a very short amount of time," Goodpaster said. "That's what causes the pressure waves of the explosion."

 

The pressure waves travel at the speed of sound, about 1,100 feet (343 meters) per second, and can damage nearby structures or even kill bystanders if the waves are strong enough, Goodpaster said. Heat is also released during the combustion, and it may be enough to set a car on fire, but most of the damage from such explosions is due to the pressure waves.

 

Perfect mix needed

 

The fertilizer and the fuel have to be combined in a just the right proportions, Goodpaster said, or else nothing will happen.

 

"If they're not mixed the right way, the detonator could go off, but there will be no explosion. It would just burn," he said.

 

Household fertilizer contains chemicals other than ammonium nitrate, said Steven Van Kauwenbergh, principal scientist with the International Fertilizer Development Center, a non-profit industry group. When other chemicals such as ammonium sulfate or urea are mixed in, the ammonium nitrate is no longer able to explode, he said.

 

Accidents involving fertilizer explosion are very rare, Van Kauwenbergh said. Perhaps the worst such accident was an explosion that occurred in Germany in 1921. Workers at a fertilizer plant were using dynamite to try to break up a large mass of solidified fertilizer that had formed and was clogging up the functioning of the plant, he said. In the ensuing explosion, at least 500 people were killed.

 

>>10187425

 

https://www.livescience.com/6413-fertilizer-bombs-work.html

Anonymous ID: 7b4fb1 Aug. 5, 2020, 3:05 a.m. No.10187489   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>7494 >>7501

just having a dig

 

came across this

 

Police found ammonium nitrate in the Las Vegas shooter's car here's why the explosive material is so dangerousโ€“

 

Police said they found the compound in the car of Stephen Paddock, the 64-year-old who gunned down 59 people and wounded over 520 others in Las Vegas Sunday night.

 

Ammonium nitrate was what made the explosion at the West, Texas, fertiliser plant in 2013 so destructive.

 

The chemical is typically used in fertilisers, cold packs, and explosives.

 

Takata used ammonium nitrate in its airbags, which is what turned them into โ€œshrapnelโ€, killing people around the world, The New York Times reported. The US Department of Transportation ordered the company phase out the compound by the end of 2018, or face even heftier fines than itโ€™s already had to pay.

 

Some countries are phasing out or banning the compound because of its potential use in improvised explosive devices, or IEDs.

 

But in the US, you can buy ammonium nitrate on Amazon, at gardening stores, or from agricultural suppliers.

 

The US Department of Homeland Security is required to โ€œregulate the sale and transfer of ammonium nitrate by an ammonium nitrate facilityโ€ to prevent people from using it for terrorism.

 

While you may need to show an ID proving youโ€™re over 18, the chemical is surprisingly easy to get.

 

Along with the ammonium nitrate, 42 guns at Paddockโ€™s hotel suite and home, and several-thousand rounds of ammunition, investigators also found Tannerite, an explosive powder used for long-range target practice, at Paddockโ€™s home.

 

The company says on its website that the โ€œKICK-Aโ€“โ€ invention is legal under federal law to buy in all 50 states. Itโ€™s a combination of ammonium nitrate and/or ammonium perchlorate (an oxidizer also used in rocket propellant) and a fuel so when a bullet hits the target, it explodes with a โ€œVERY loudโ€ bang.

 

More than 36 hours after Paddock carried out the deadliest mass shooting in modern US history, police still donโ€™t know his motive for killing so many people in such an orchestrated fashion.

 

https://www.businessinsider.com.au/how-ammonium-nitrate-explodes-las-vegas-shooter-car-stephen-paddock-2017-10?r=US&IR=T

Anonymous ID: 7b4fb1 Aug. 5, 2020, 3:09 a.m. No.10187501   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>7937

>>10187489

ANFO (or AN/FO, for ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) is a widely used bulk industrial explosive. Its name is commonly pronounced as "an-fo".[1]

 

It consists of 94% porous prilled ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) (AN), which acts as the oxidizing agent and absorbent for the fuel, and 6% number 2 fuel oil (FO).[2]

 

ANFO has found wide use in coal mining, quarrying, metal mining, and civil construction in applications where its low cost and ease of use may outweigh the benefits of other explosives, such as water resistance, oxygen balance, higher detonation velocity, or performance in small-diameter columns. ANFO is also widely used in avalanche hazard mitigation.[3]

 

It accounts for an estimated 80% of the 2.7ร—109 kg (6ร—109 lb) of explosives used annually in North America.[4]

 

The press and other media have used the term ANFO loosely and imprecisely in describing improvised explosive devices (IEDs), in cases of fertiliser bombs (see Malicious use below).[5]

 

The use of ANFO originated in the 1950s.[6]

Anonymous ID: 7b4fb1 Aug. 5, 2020, 4:43 a.m. No.10187859   ๐Ÿ—„๏ธ.is ๐Ÿ”—kun   >>7883 >>7886 >>7924

is this the same place?

 

https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2020/08/flashback-netanyahu-warned-united-nations-iranian-missile-stockpiles-beirut-back-2018-video/?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=PostSideSharingButtons&utm_campaign=websitesharingbuttons