High Levels of Microplastics Released from Infant Feeding Bottles During Formula Prep
New research shows that high levels of microplastics (MPs) are released from infant-feeding bottles (IFBs) during formula preparation. The research also indicates a strong relationship between heat and MP release, such that warmer liquids (formula or water used to sterilise bottles) result in far greater release of MPs.
In response, the researchers involved – from AMBER, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research, TrinityHaus and the Schools of Engineering and Chemistry at Trinity College Dublin – have developed a set of recommendations for infant formula preparation when using plastic IFBs that minimise MP release.
Led by Dr Jing Jing Wang, Professor John Boland and Professor Liwen Xiao at Trinity, the team analysed the potential for release of MPs from polypropylene infant-feeding bottles (PP-IFBs) during formula preparation by following international guidelines. They also estimated the exposure of 12-month-old infants to MPs in 48 countries and regions and have just published their findings in the high-profile journal Nature Food.
Key findings
PP-IFBs can release up to 16 million MPs and trillions of smaller nanoplastics per litre. Sterilisation and exposure to high temperature water significantly increase microplastic release from 0.6 million to 55 million particles/l when temperature increases from 25 to 95 °C
Other polypropylene plastic-ware products (kettles, lunchboxes) release similar levels of MPs
The team undertook a global survey and estimated the exposure of 12-month-old infants to microplastics in 48 regions. Following current guidelines1 for infant-feeding bottle sterilisation and feeding formula preparation the average daily exposure level for infants is in excess of 1 million MPs. Oceania, North America and Europe have the highest levels of potential exposure, at 2,100,000, 2,280,000, and 2,610,000 particles/day, respectively
The level of microplastics released from PP-IFBs can be significantly reduced by following modified sterilisation and formula preparation procedures
Recommended sterilisation and formula preparation procedures
Sterilising infant feeding bottles
Sterilise the bottle following WHO recommended guidelines and allow to cool
Prepare sterilised water by boiling in a non-plastic kettle/cooker (e.g. glass or stainless steel)
Rinse the sterilised bottle using room temperature sterilised water at least 3 times
Preparing infant formula
Prepare hot water using a non-plastic kettle/cooker
Prepare infant formula in a non-plastic container using at least 70oC water. Cool to room temperature and transfer prepared formula into a high-quality plastic infant feeding bottle
Standard Precautions
Do not reheat prepared formula in plastic containers and avoid microwave ovens
Do not vigorously shake the formula in the bottle at any time
Do not use sonication to clean plastic infant feeding bottles
Studying microplastics through a project of scale
There is growing evidence to suggest that micro2 and nano plastics are released into our food and water sources through the chemical and physical degradation of larger plastic items. Some studies have demonstrated the potential transfer of micro and nano plastics from oceans to humans via the food chain3 but little is known about the direct release of microplastics (MPs) from plastic products through everyday use.
Polypropylene (PP) is one of the most commonly produced plastics in the world for food preparation and storage. It is used to make everyday items such as lunch boxes, kettles and infant-feeding bottles (IFBs). Despite its widespread use the capacity of PP to release microplastics was not appreciated until now.
https://www.naturalblaze.com/2020/10/high-levels-of-microplastics-released-from-infant-feeding-bottles-during-formula-prep.html