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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misoprostol
Misoprostol is a synthetic prostaglandin medication used to prevent and treat stomach and duodenal ulcers, induce labor, cause an abortion, and treat postpartum bleeding due to poor contraction of the uterus.[3][4] Misoprostol is taken by mouth when used to prevent gastric ulcers in persons taking NSAIDs.[4] For abortions it is used by itself and with mifepristone or methotrexate.[5] By itself, effectiveness for abortion is between 66% and 90%.[6][7] For labor induction or abortion, it is taken by mouth, dissolved in the mouth, or placed in the vagina.[5][8][9] For postpartum bleeding it may also be used rectally.[10]
Common side effects include diarrhea and abdominal pain.[4] It is pregnancy category X meaning that it is known to result in negative outcomes for the fetus if taken during pregnancy.[4] In rare cases, uterine rupture may occur.[4] It is a prostaglandin analogue—specifically, a synthetic prostaglandin E1 (PGE1).[4]
Misoprostol was developed in 1973.[11] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[12] It is available as a generic medication.[4]