EMF Health Risk, Sky Spraying, Solar Watch | S0 News
Oct.23.2025
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dhRdRsTJqWY
https://spaceweathernews.com/
https://www.swpc.noaa.gov/
https://avi-loeb.medium.com/the-international-asteroid-warning-network-initiated-a-campaign-to-monitor-3i-atlas-d2a698859747
https://www.newsnationnow.com/vargasreports/31-atlas-comet-nickel-iron/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Le8tpn1JrSw(Suspicious comet may herald ‘black swan event’: Astrophysicist Avi Loeb | Elizabeth Vargas Reports)
https://www.ufonews.co/post/3i-atlas-revealed-new-image-and-protocols-for-contact
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiA383_DYco (3I/ATLAS REVEALED New Image And Protocols For CONTACT)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p0EEox7UsY4 (🛸✨ Possible 3I/Atlas signal detected. Special Report)
https://x.com/UAPWatchers/status/1981159731650519224
https://x.com/UAPWatchers/status/1981050915499999375
The International Asteroid Warning Network Initiated a Campaign to Monitor 3I/ATLAS
October 22, 2025
An editorial notice by the Minor Planet Center (accessible here) announced that the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS, has just been targeted in a new campaign initiated by a United Nations-endorsed group focused on the defense of Earth against space objects.
The International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) is a worldwide planetary defense collaboration of organizations and individual astronomers who collectively work to detect, monitor, and characterize potentially hazardous asteroids and Near-Earth Objects.
3I/ATLAS is the first interstellar object targeted by its campaigns.
On the date of the solar conjunction of 3I/ATLAS relative to Earth, October 21, 2025, IAWN made the following announcement:
“Comets present unique challenges for accurate astrometric measurements and orbit predictions. Cometary bodies are extended with morphological features (comae and tails) that can systematically pull their centroid measurements off their central brightness peak, presenting challenges to estimate comet trajectories."
The International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) announces a comet campaign from November 27, 2025, through January 27, 2026 to introduce methods for improving astrometry from comet observations.
The campaign will target comet 3I/ATLAS (C/2025 N1) to exercise the capability of the observing community to extract accurate astrometry. To prepare for the campaign, we will hold a workshop on techniques to correctly measure comet astrometry.
Registration is required by November 7th (here) for the workshop and only those participants that attend the workshop can participate in the campaign.”
Interestingly, this announcement follows a White Paper that I submitted on September 30, 2025 to the United Nations in collaboration with Omer Eldadi and Gershon Tenenbaum (accessible here and here).
This White Paper advocated for coordinating global scientific research to maximize observational coverage and ensure optimal scientific monitoring of interstellar objects like 3I/ATLAS, which could pose a threat to humanity if they happen to carry alien technology.
Black swan events with small probabilities must be considered seriously if their implications to the future of humanity are large.
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As of now, 3I/ATLAS displayed 8 surprising qualities that earned it a rank of 4 out of 10 on the Loeb scale (quantified here and here) of a possible technological origin:
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Its trajectory is aligned to within 5 degrees with the ecliptic plane of the planets around the Sun, with a likelihood of 0.2% (see here).
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During July and August 2025, it displayed a sunward jet (anti-tail) that is not an optical illusion from geometric perspective, unlike familiar comets (see here).
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Its nucleus is about a million times more massive than 1I/`Oumuamua and a thousand times more massive than 2I/Borisov, while moving faster than both, altogether with a likelihood of less than 0.1% (see here and here).
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Its arrival time was fine-tuned to bring it within tens of millions of kilometers from Mars, Venus and Jupiter and be unobservable from Earth at perihelion, with a likelihood of 0.005% (see here).
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The gas plume around 3I/ATLAS contains much more nickel than iron (as found in industrially-produced nickel alloys) and a nickel to cyanide ratio that is orders of magnitude larger than that of all known comets, including 2I/Borisov, with a likelihood below 1% (see here).
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The gas plume of 3I/ATLAS contains only 4% water by mass, a primary constituent of familiar comets (see here).
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3I/ATLAS showed extreme negative polarization, unprecedented for all known comets, including 2I/Borisov, with a likelihood below 1% (see here).
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3I/ATLAS arrived from a direction coincident with the radio “Wow! Signal” to within 9 degrees, with a likelihood of 0.6% (see here).
Multiplying these small probabilities yields a cumulative likelihood lower than a part in ten quadrillion (10^{16}). It therefore makes sense to use all available observational assets on Earth and in space in order to decipher the nature of 3I/ATLAS, as planned by IAWN.
Unfortunately, we do not have a spacecraft that could intercept 3I/ATLAS and study it from up close. This requires advance planning and an early detection in order to have sufficient time for a spacecraft to cross the path of 3I/ATLAS.
In my paper with Adam Hibberd and Adam Crowl (published here), we calculated that if NASA’s Juno spacecraft near Jupiter had its initial fuel supply, it could have intercepted 3I/ATLAS at its closest approach to Jupiter on March 16, 2026.
This possibility was recommended in the visionary letter from U.S. Congresswoman Anna Paulina Luna to NASA’s Interim Administrator Sean Duffy on July 31 2025 (accessible here).
The clearest technological signature of 3I/ATLAS would be a maneuver or the release of mini-probes near perihelion on October 29, 2025. The optimal point for a maneuver to speed up or slow-down a spacecraft is at closest approach to the Sun.
An impulse in the direction of the peak velocity or opposite to it, would maximize the gain or loss of kinetic energy. As a result of this so-called Oberth effect, it is most energy-efficient for a spacecraft engine to burn its fuel at perihelion.
If 3I/ATLAS is a massive mothership, it will likely continue along its original gravitational path and ultimately exit the Solar system, while releasing mini-probes near perihelion that might take advantage of the Sun’s gravitational assist as they maneuver towards planets like the Earth.
I therefore tasked the research team of the Galileo Project Observatories to check for any unusual activity of extraterrestrial technological objects near Earth in the coming months.
3I/ATLAS will get closest to Earth on December 19, 2025. Here’s hoping that we will know more about our dating partner in this interstellar blind date by Christmas.
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Legendary NASA Countdown Clock Finds New Home at Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex
October 23, 2025
The iconic NASA countdown clock, once seen during historic Apollo and Space Shuttle launches, now stands at the entrance of the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex.
After more than 40 years of service, the retired timepiece continues to inspire visitors as a symbol of America’s space legacy.
Visitors arriving at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex are greeted by a piece of spaceflight history before even passing through the ticket gates.
Just to the left of the orange ticket kiosks stands a massive digital clock: a quiet sentinel of the Space Age and one of the most watched timepieces in the world, second only to London’s Big Ben.
This is NASA’s world-famous countdown clock, the same one seen in countless historic broadcasts of rocket launches.
For more than four decades, it stood at the Kennedy Space Center Press Site, ticking down to some of the most defining moments in human exploration.
Installed in 1969 for the Apollo 12 mission, the clock marked every launch from that flight onward, including all subsequent Apollo missions, the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, Skylab, and 30 years of space shuttle launches, from Columbia’s first liftoff to Atlantis’s final flight.
It even counted down the first four SpaceX Commercial Resupply Service missions to the International Space Station.
Measuring 10 feet tall and 26 feet long, the clock’s six digits, each four feet high and two feet wide, were illuminated by 349 light bulbs, 56 per digit.
Its last official countdown came in 2014, for SpaceX’s CRS-4 mission, before NASA replaced it with a modern digital display capable of streaming live video and full-color graphics.
The historic clock, officially added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2000, was relocated to its current home at the Visitor Complex in 2016.
There, perched on a small hill at the entrance, it serves not as a timer but as a monument — a reminder of humanity’s boldest aspirations.
For decades, it told the world when to hold its breath. Today, it stands silently, welcoming visitors as a symbol of the countless launches, dreams, and discoveries that began with its final seconds.
https://spacecoastdaily.com/2025/10/legendary-nasa-countdown-clock-finds-new-home-at-kennedy-space-center-visitor-complex/
3I Atlas changes course?? For the first time, Asteroid Warning network tracks interstellar object!
Oct 23, 2025
As NASA refuses to reveal the latest images of 3I Atlas, the International Asteroid Warning Network has decided to monitor this supposedly harmless interstellar object!
Meanwhile, an independent research group tracking 3I Atlas claims that its trajectory has shifted.
A lot.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4ornNuoSr4
https://x.com/Astro_Angry
NASAWatch Is On Pause
October 22, 2025
I’m taking some advice from @astro_jaz – A few days off under very dark skies. NASAWatch will be on pause.
FWIW the more you (we) space people argue with each other about stupid things, the less likely we’ll get to explore this universe.
This is serious stuff. NASA needs a leader to do this – not a talking head. Ad Astra.
https://nasawatch.com/trumpspace/nasawatch-is-on-pause/
NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope Has Discovered Evidence of Unexpected Chaos in the Early Universe
October 22, 2025
New James Webb Space Telescope observations indicate that early galaxies shortly after the Big Bang were more chaotic than previous results suggested.
After reviewing over 250 Webb Telescope observations of early galaxies from 800 million to 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang, University of Cambridge researchers discovered a complex and “messy” pattern of unevenness.
Instead of the smooth rotating disks seen in our modern galaxy, the data revealed lumpy, turbulent systems, as revealed in new research published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
A Calming Effect
Over time, galaxies have trended toward order and calm according to the Cambridge researchers. Yet in the beginning, amidst frequent powerful events such as star formations and gravitational instabilities, the resultant turbulence contributed to galactic upheaval.
“We don’t just see a few spectacular outliers – this is the first time we’ve been able to look at an entire population at once,” said lead author Lola Danhaive from Cambridge’s Kavli Institute for Cosmology.
“We found huge variation: some galaxies are beginning to settle into ordered rotation, but most are still chaotic, with gas puffed up and moving in all directions.”
Grism Mode
To capture these observations, the team utilized the James Webb Space Telescope’s NIRCam by activating the instrument’s grism mode, a setting rarely used by the space observatory.
When Webb collects data about celestial objects, it not only takes high-resolution pictures but also splits light into its component wavelengths using small optical devices known as grisms, or grating prisms.
Operating between 2.4 and 5.0 micrometers, these devices enable Webb to perform slitless spectroscopy, which captures the infrared “fingerprints” of stars, exoplanets, and distant galaxies to reveal their chemical makeup.
The NIRCam’s grisms are designed to capture and separate light with a resolving power of around 1,600, meaning that it is capable of providing highly detailed spectral data. However, there are actually two observing “grism modes” that Webb is capable of.
One is designed for wide-field spectroscopy, allowing it to study multiple targets at once, while the other is used for time-series observations that monitor single, bright objects (an example might be a transiting exoplanet).
Initially developed to aid in the alignment of the telescope’s mirrors, the grisms now offer a unique tool that, while rarely used, offers a powerful means of studying the composition of alien worlds and the evolution of galaxies across cosmic time.
In their recent research, the team used the grism mode data they obtained and compared it to existing James Webb Space Telescope images using a new algorithm to measure gas movement within individual galaxies.
“Previous results suggested massive, well-ordered disks forming very early on, which didn’t fit our models,” said co-author Dr Sandro Tacchella from the Kavli Institute and the Cavendish Laboratory.
“But by looking at hundreds of galaxies with lower stellar masses instead of just one or two, we see the bigger picture, and it’s much more in line with theory.
Early galaxies were more turbulent, less stable, and grew up through frequent mergers and bursts of star formation.”
“This work helps bridge the gap between the epoch of reionisation and the so-called cosmic noon, when star formation peaked,” said Danhaive.
“It shows how the building blocks of galaxies gradually transitioned from chaotic clumps into ordered structures, and how galaxies such as the Milky Way formed.”
James Webb Space Telescope Results
The work is another example of how the James Webb Space Telescope allows researchers to peer farther out in space and therefore farther back in time.
These observations are allowing scientists to observe the galaxy on an entirely new scale, filling in blank spots in the cosmic timeline and providing the evidence to confirm or refute theories of galactic evolution.
In future research, the team plans to piece together the early universe more fully. Their next steps will be to combine this work with cold gas and dust observations in their quest to understand the aftermath of the Big Bang.
“This is just the beginning,” said Tacchella. “With more data, we’ll be able to track how these turbulent systems grew up and became the graceful spirals we see today.”
https://thedebrief.org/nasas-james-webb-space-telescope-has-discovered-evidence-of-unexpected-chaos-in-the-early-universe/
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/543/4/3249/8292611?login=false
Rocket Lab Completes Spacecraft for Cryogenic Fueling Mission with Eta Space and NASA
October 22, 2025
Rocket Lab Corporation (Nasdaq: RKLB) (“Rocket Lab” or “the Company”), a global leader in launch services and space systems, today announced the clearance of their Systems Integration Review (SIR) and completion of their Photon spacecraft for Eta Space and NASA’s LOXSAT mission.
LOXSAT is an on-orbit technology demonstration of a cryogenic fluid management system, that will inform the design of Cryo-Dock, a full-scale cryogenic propellant depot in low Earth orbit to be operational in 2030.
The SIR, completed in September, marked a key milestone for the program, allowing the team to proceed with payload integration.
Rocket Lab will now move the mission into environmental testing – the next phase before its launch on Electron in early 2026.
Rocket Lab was selected in 2020 by Eta Space to provide both the spacecraft and its Electron launch vehicle for the LOXSAT mission, joining a growing list of spacecraft-plus-launch mission solutions supported by the Company, including the CAPSTONE lunar mission for NASA and the upcoming VICTUS HAZE mission for the U.S. Space Force.
Rocket Lab’s end-to-end capabilities simplify mission execution and minimize cost and schedule risks, providing customers with a single, responsive space solutions partner for a wide range of mission objectives.
“We're proud to be both the spacecraft and launch provider for LOXSAT and for the opportunity to show Rocket Lab’s true end-to-end space systems capabilities,” said Brad Clevenger, Vice President of Space Systems.
“With LOXSAT, we’re supporting a critical technology demonstration that will enable key steps toward making orbital propellant depots a reality.
The ability to refuel in space is fundamental to unlocking reusable and sustainable exploration beyond Earth’s orbit.
With the spacecraft build and payload integration complete, our team is focused on environmental testing ahead of its launch on Electron.”
“We are excited to reach this milestone”, said Bill Notardonato, CEO of Eta Space.
“We chose Rocket Lab as a launch provider based on their proven Electron rocket and the chance to have a dedicated launch to our exact orbit on our schedule.
But their spacecraft experience and payload hosting services have proven to be just as valuable as launch services for our project success.”
Despite being one of the most efficient and energetic propellants for spacecraft, cryogenic propellants can vaporize as temperature rises, causing critical loss on orbit.
LOXSAT will test the ability to store liquid oxygen (LOX) in a zero-loss configuration, with the goal of creating a larger scale model in the future that could serve as a commercial cryogenic propellant depot in space.
This would enable reuse and refueling of spacecraft on orbit.
The basis of the spacecraft is the Company’s Photon platform, which gained flight heritage in 2022 with NASA’s CAPSTONE mission to the Moon.
LOXSAT was designed and built using Rocket Lab’s vertically integrated components and systems, including star trackers, propulsion systems, reaction wheels, solar panels, flight software, radios, composite structures, tanks, separation systems, and more.
The spacecraft was produced and will undergo environmental testing at the Company’s Spacecraft Production Complex and headquarters in Long Beach, California, and will ultimately be launched from Rocket Lab Launch Complex 1 in New Zealand.
The LOXSAT mission is sponsored by NASA’s Tipping Point program that aims to advance technologies that could support human space exploration in the future.
https://rocketlabcorp.com/updates/rocket-lab-completes-spacecraft-for-cryogenic-fueling-mission-with-eta-space-and-nasa/
https://www.sciencealert.com/mysterious-glow-detected-in-space-could-be-dark-matter-destroying-itself
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WQZ0ElLgZ1c
https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/g9qz-h8wd
Mysterious Glow Detected in Space Could Be Dark Matter Destroying Itself
23 October 2025
A strange gamma-ray glow emanating from the heart of the Milky Way could be the long-sought fingerprint of dark matter particles annihilating each other, evidence suggests.
A new research effort involving simulations of Milky-Way-like galaxies shows that the mysterious, unexplained extra gamma radiation emanating from the region is equally likely to be due to dark matter annihilation as to millisecond pulsars – and the dark matter hypothesis might even have a slight edge.
"Dark matter dominates the Universe and holds galaxies together.
It's extremely consequential and we're desperately thinking all the time of ideas as to how we could detect it," says astrophysicist Joseph Silk of Johns Hopkins University.
"Gamma rays, and specifically the excess light we're observing at the center of our galaxy, could be our first clue."
This gamma-ray glow, known as the Galactic Center GeV Excess (GCE), has puzzled astronomers since its discovery in 2009 in data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.
Something in the galactic center is producing a glow in the highest-energy form of light in the Universe, but whatever that something is, astronomers have yet to pin it down.
There are two leading candidates. One of those is dark matter, the mysterious source of extra gravity hanging around the Universe that can't be explained by the normal matter that makes up everything we can directly detect.
We don't know what dark matter is, but one hypothetical candidate is weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs.
Scientists predict that when WIMPs and their antiparticles collide, they annihilate each other, exploding in a shower of different particles, including gamma-ray photons.
The other candidate is millisecond pulsars. These are neutron stars at the very end of their life cycle, formed from the collapsed core of a massive star that has ejected most of its material in a supernova explosion.
What makes a neutron star a pulsar is its extremely rapid spin. As it spins, it emits beams of radio waves, particles, and radiation, including X-rays and gamma rays. As these beams sweep around, the pulsar appears to, well, pulse.
Astronomers have yet to detect the population of pulsars that could be responsible for the GCE, but there are ways to narrow down the possibilities.
The population of old stars that should include pulsars in the galactic bulge – the central, bubble-shaped region of the Milky Way – seems to form an X-shape, while previous research suggests the Milky Way's dark matter halo is spherical.
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These distributions would have different effects on the shape of the GCE.
If the culprit is millisecond pulsars, the GCE should look boxy, while a dark matter origin would produce a more spherical shape.
Depending on the interpretation, Fermi data suggest that the GCE has a distinctly boxy distribution.
Led by cosmologist Moorits Mihkel Muru of the Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam in Germany, the researchers wanted to know if this box shape conclusively rules out dark matter annihilation from the list of GCE candidates.
They used supercomputers to run simulations of the evolutionary history of the Milky Way, mapping the density and distribution of the dark matter, and comparing it with the distribution of old stars used as a proxy for millisecond pulsars.
Rather than modelling how annihilation increases over time, the team focused on the present-day dark-matter structure and its projected gamma-ray signal.
The results of these simulations were all observed from a distance of about 8 kiloparsecs – the distance of the Solar System from the Milky Way's center – so that they would appear as we would see them at our current observing position.
They found that the dark matter halo likely isn't perfectly round, but is slightly flattened as a result of the Milky Way's long history of mergers with other galaxies.
When projected onto sky maps of the Milky Way, this produces a boxy gamma-ray glow from dark matter annihilation.
This suggests that a flattened shape is not necessarily diagnostic of millisecond pulsars, but equally could be the result of dark matter.
"Both hypotheses for the GCE, that of dark matter annihilations and millisecond pulsars, are equally plausible based on morphology, spectrum, and intensity, with perhaps a slight edge for the dark matter hypothesis on the last of these attributes in view of the observed deficiency in millisecond pulsars," the researchers write in their paper.
It's also important to note that some observations have revealed slightly uneven speckling in the GCE, as expected from point sources such as millisecond pulsars. Dark matter annihilation would produce a smoother glow.
This new study doesn't directly address that small-scale texture, which has been explored in other analyses, but with the large-scale shape of the GCE no longer ruling out dark matter, it could be that both sources of the gamma radiation are active in the galactic center.
The authors note that upcoming observatories such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array and the Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory should help distinguish between the two scenarios.
"It's possible we will see the new data and confirm one theory over the other," Silk says. "Or maybe we'll find nothing, in which case it'll be an even greater mystery to resolve."
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UH engineers help sharpen our view of space
October 22, 2025
A groundbreaking new instrument that lets astronomers see deeper into space than ever before using a single telescope was brought to life with help from a University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa faculty member.
Installed on the Subaru Telescope atop Maunakea, the first-of-its-kind device set a new benchmark for how scientists study distant stars and planets.
The instrument, called a photonic lantern, separates starlight into multiple channels, like breaking a musical chord into individual notes, allowing computers to rebuild an ultra-clear image.
It’s part of a new instrument called FIRST-PL, developed and led by UH and the Paris Observatory, and installed on the advanced optics platform SCExAO (Subaru Coronagraphic Extreme Adaptive Optics) at Subaru Telescope.
“What excites me most is that this instrument blends cutting-edge photonics with the precision engineering done here in Hawaiʻi,” said Sébastien Vievard, a faculty member from the UH Space Science and Engineering Initiative (SSEI) a joint program of the UH Mānoa College of Engineering and Institute for Astronomy.
“It shows how collaboration across the world, and across disciplines, can literally change the way we see the cosmos.”
Sharper cosmic views
The breakthrough, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, used the new setup to study a nearby star called beta Canis Minoris and revealed that its fast-spinning gas disk is unexpectedly lopsided, a detail never seen until now.
“This device splits the starlight according to its patterns of fluctuation, keeping subtle details that are otherwise lost.
By reassembling the measurements of the outputs, we could reconstruct a very high-resolution image of a disk around a nearby star,” said Yoo Jung Kim, a graduate student at UCLA, and lead author on the study.
The international team included researchers from UH, UCLA, the Paris Observatory, the University of Sydney and Subaru Telescope.
Hawaiʻi’s space future
The achievement marks a milestone for UH’s new Space Science and Engineering Initiative, which launched its first engineering courses at UH Hilo in fall 2024.
The initiative aims to position Hawaiʻi as a global hub for space research, technology development, and workforce training.
Vievard, one of the program’s founding faculty members, is helping to lead this new academic path that blends classroom learning with hands-on engineering experience.
https://www.hawaii.edu/news/2025/10/22/uh-engineers-sharpen-view-of-space/
It has yuge cosmic balls swinging below it!