New York City’s Housing Economics Are Broken—and It’s Squeezing Everyone
Nov 4 2025 (excerpt)
Vacancy rates have plunged to historic lows, sitting at just 1.4% citywide. For the most affordable units—those priced at $1,100 or less—that number drops to just 0.7%, according to the most recent Housing and Vacancy Survey.
That scarcity has pushed median asking rents to $3,491 in the second quarter of 2025, or 55% of the typical household income, according to Realtor.com® data. For would-be buyers, the outlook isn’t much better: Mortgage originations have dropped across all five boroughs, falling to their lowest level since at least 2006.
The consequences are piling up. Housing affordability has become a flashpoint in the city’s highly contentious mayoral election, all while the city’s shelter population has soared well past pre-pandemic levels, with families now making up a growing share of the surge, according to data from NYU Furman Center.
“People are moving out of New York because they don't have housing options,” says Rachel Fee, executive director of the New York Housing Conference, a nonprofit devoted to advancing affordable housing for all New Yorkers. “And if this is not addressed, it will take a toll on our economy.”
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The median renter household made $63,698 in 2023—about 20% more than in 2013 after adjusting for inflation. But more than half of renters still spend at least 30% of their income on rent. And while rents in 2023 were 25% higher than they were in 2007, renter incomes were only 15% higher, down from their peak in 2019.
The burden is especially acute for renters earning between $30,000 and $80,000 annually. These households often fall into a policy blind spot: They earn too much to qualify for deeply subsidized housing but not enough to afford market-rate rents in most neighborhoods. As a result, many in this income band spend well above 30%—and in some cases more than 50%—of their income on housing, putting them at higher risk of housing instability, financial distress, or eviction.
https://www.realtor.com/advice/finance/nyc-housing-economics-affordability-crisis/